hce_nchu
112年
英文
第 31 題
📖 題組：
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
What can be inferred from the first three paragraphs?
- A Evidence-based medicine is helpful in some respects.
- B New tools are more reliable than old tools.
- C Therapy is more important than diagnosis.
- D Both treatment and diagnosis should be standardized.
- E “Cookbook medicine” focuses on individualized care.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第二段，當作者提到「實證醫學（evidence-based medicine）」和「準則（guidelines）」時，他用了哪些具體的動詞或形容詞來描述這些東西對『病患』和『生命』產生的實質影響？這些描述是偏向正面支持還是負面反對？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
實證醫學的價值與推論
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章的前三段核心，選出 (A) 這個最穩健的推論，顯見你對文本資訊的過濾與整合能力非常出色。文章在第二段明確提到，雖然有人批評這是「食譜式醫學（cookbook medicine）」，但這些基於實證的準則（evidence-based medicine）確實拯救了生命，並讓病患能從「最有效的療法」中獲益。這說明了實證醫學在特定層面（如提高生存率與治療效率）確實具有極大的幫助。
難度切入點與選項辨析
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