hce_tcu
111年
英文
第 43 題
📖 題組：
【C】 The earliest recorded reference to oral disease is from an ancient (5000 BC) Sumerian text that describes “tooth worms” as a cause of dental decay, and there is historical evidence that the Chinese used acupuncture around 2700 BC to treat pain associated with tooth decay. And in ancient Egypt, written between 1700 and 1500 BC, there were references to substances to ease pain and treat decay in teeth. Aesculapius, a Greek physician, who lived between 1300 and 1200 BC is credited by many with the concept of extracting diseased teeth. Throughout the Middle Age in Europe, dentistry was made available to the wealthy by physicians who would go to their homes. Dentistry for the poorer people took place in the market places, where self-taught vagabonds would extract teeth for a small fee. From the Middle Ages to the early 1700s, much dental work was provided by so called “barber surgeons.” Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761), a French surgeon, is credited with being the “father of modern dentistry.” Dental practitioners migrated to the American colonies in the 1700s and devoted themselves primarily to the removal of diseased teeth and insertion of artificial dentures. Until the mid-1800s, dentures continued to be individually constructed by skilled artisans. Gold, silver, and ivory were common components, causing them to be very expensive and available only to the very wealthy. In 1851 a process to mould material against a model of the patient’s mouth and attach artificial porcelain teeth allowed the manufacture of less expensive dentures. Later, acrylic plastics replaced the use of rubber and porcelain in denture construction. A major contribution came from Horace Wells in 1844 when he initiated the use of nitrous oxide (laughing gas), founding the concept of inhalation analgesia and anesthesia. The medical community later adopted inhalation anesthesia as a standard surgical practice. Greene Vardiman Black (1831-1915) was the leading reformer of American dentistry. He devised a foot engine that allowed the dentist to keep both hands free while powering the dental drill. He also developed modern techniques for filling teeth based upon biological principles and microscopic evaluation, and proposed that dental caries and periodical disease were infections initiated by bacteria—not confirmed scientifically, however, until the early 1960s.
【C】 The earliest recorded reference to oral disease is from an ancient (5000 BC) Sumerian text that describes “tooth worms” as a cause of dental decay, and there is historical evidence that the Chinese used acupuncture around 2700 BC to treat pain associated with tooth decay. And in ancient Egypt, written between 1700 and 1500 BC, there were references to substances to ease pain and treat decay in teeth. Aesculapius, a Greek physician, who lived between 1300 and 1200 BC is credited by many with the concept of extracting diseased teeth. Throughout the Middle Age in Europe, dentistry was made available to the wealthy by physicians who would go to their homes. Dentistry for the poorer people took place in the market places, where self-taught vagabonds would extract teeth for a small fee. From the Middle Ages to the early 1700s, much dental work was provided by so called “barber surgeons.” Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761), a French surgeon, is credited with being the “father of modern dentistry.” Dental practitioners migrated to the American colonies in the 1700s and devoted themselves primarily to the removal of diseased teeth and insertion of artificial dentures. Until the mid-1800s, dentures continued to be individually constructed by skilled artisans. Gold, silver, and ivory were common components, causing them to be very expensive and available only to the very wealthy. In 1851 a process to mould material against a model of the patient’s mouth and attach artificial porcelain teeth allowed the manufacture of less expensive dentures. Later, acrylic plastics replaced the use of rubber and porcelain in denture construction. A major contribution came from Horace Wells in 1844 when he initiated the use of nitrous oxide (laughing gas), founding the concept of inhalation analgesia and anesthesia. The medical community later adopted inhalation anesthesia as a standard surgical practice. Greene Vardiman Black (1831-1915) was the leading reformer of American dentistry. He devised a foot engine that allowed the dentist to keep both hands free while powering the dental drill. He also developed modern techniques for filling teeth based upon biological principles and microscopic evaluation, and proposed that dental caries and periodical disease were infections initiated by bacteria—not confirmed scientifically, however, until the early 1960s.
According to the passage, modern dentistry dates from _____.
- A 1400-1200 BC
- B the mid 1600s
- C the early 1700s
- D the mid 1800s
思路引導 VIP
若要判斷一個學科何時轉向『現代化』，通常會尋找被後世稱為『學門之父』的人物。請試著在文章中找找看，哪位人物被賦予了這個頭銜？而他所活躍的具體年份又是什麼時候呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章中關於時代轉折的關鍵字，這代表你的**細節定位能力（Scanning）**相當紮實。這題的答案核心在於第一段的結尾與第二段的開端。
現代牙醫學的奠基時刻
文章中明確提到，法國外科醫生皮耶·福查德（Pierre Fauchard，1678-1761）被譽為「現代牙醫學之父（father of modern dentistry）」。從他的生卒年以及文中提到牙醫從 1700 年代開始移民至美洲殖民地的背景來看，現代牙醫學的發展軸線清楚地指向了 1700 年代初期。雖然文中也提到了 1800 年代的麻醉技術改良，但那屬於技術革新的進程，而非學門定位的起點。
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