hce_nsysu
115年
英文
第 48 題
📖 題組：
Big data are large data sets, which include information both publicly available and also from the private sector, used by companies to gain further insights into performance, such as innovation, promotion and customer satisfaction. According to The Royal Society, big data is believed to influence the business world to such an extent that it is known as ‘the new oil’, whose impacts on society are as huge as those of carbon emissions. As the amount of data gathered from around the world has become unprecedented, coupled with the increase in the number of electronic devices per person, it is crucial to protect personal information. Data protection and privacy not only involve how data is retrieved, but also how it is stored, shared and later put to use. As stated by Privacy International, though a consumer may initially consent to access of their data, once big data analytics generate this isolated information through algorithms and then combine it in larger data sets, the eventual use of this data is not always explicitly stated. Data misuse, in addition to excessive data collection and data breaches, raise ethical issues such as discrimination and misinformation, and substantial security risks such as fraud and identity theft. Since the millennium, several steps have been taken to ensure data is handled appropriately. The introduction of laws such as the Data Protection Act and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), in addition to initiatives put forward by the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) can assist organizations with data protection compliance and also help individuals understand how they are affected by the decisions a company makes. Furthermore, guides such as the Data Ethics Framework and the National Statistician’s Data Ethics Advisory Committee promote responsible data use and enable companies, governing bodies and researchers to consider the ethics behind their use of the data collected. Finally, tools such as Cloud Edge Secure Access and Attribute Exchange provide secure environments to access and share data, together with data anonymisation, which requires that identities are removed or distorted in such a way that they cannot be revealed. Despite these measures, more needs to be done to protect privacy in digitalized world. A recent Digital and Consumer Trends survey revealed that only a quarter of UK residents are worried about their data. This lack of concern could be due to scarce understanding of how it is uploaded, processed and shared. In addition, although websites display a privacy policy, users rarely intently study the often lengthy and complex terms and conditions. Thus, it is vital that the scope of an individual's data, from how it is collected and utilized to how it affects the individual, is transparent, and that companies commit to ensuring data is sufficiently safeguarded by allowing individuals to engage with the system, which is where governments play a key role, according to Deloitte, by shaping policies that are as sophisticated as the technology, at the same pace as the rate of change. Overall, big data should lead to enhanced efficiency, productivity, and ultimately happier customers, and not bigger problems for society. (by C. Watts (2022))
Big data are large data sets, which include information both publicly available and also from the private sector, used by companies to gain further insights into performance, such as innovation, promotion and customer satisfaction. According to The Royal Society, big data is believed to influence the business world to such an extent that it is known as ‘the new oil’, whose impacts on society are as huge as those of carbon emissions. As the amount of data gathered from around the world has become unprecedented, coupled with the increase in the number of electronic devices per person, it is crucial to protect personal information. Data protection and privacy not only involve how data is retrieved, but also how it is stored, shared and later put to use. As stated by Privacy International, though a consumer may initially consent to access of their data, once big data analytics generate this isolated information through algorithms and then combine it in larger data sets, the eventual use of this data is not always explicitly stated. Data misuse, in addition to excessive data collection and data breaches, raise ethical issues such as discrimination and misinformation, and substantial security risks such as fraud and identity theft. Since the millennium, several steps have been taken to ensure data is handled appropriately. The introduction of laws such as the Data Protection Act and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), in addition to initiatives put forward by the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) can assist organizations with data protection compliance and also help individuals understand how they are affected by the decisions a company makes. Furthermore, guides such as the Data Ethics Framework and the National Statistician’s Data Ethics Advisory Committee promote responsible data use and enable companies, governing bodies and researchers to consider the ethics behind their use of the data collected. Finally, tools such as Cloud Edge Secure Access and Attribute Exchange provide secure environments to access and share data, together with data anonymisation, which requires that identities are removed or distorted in such a way that they cannot be revealed. Despite these measures, more needs to be done to protect privacy in digitalized world. A recent Digital and Consumer Trends survey revealed that only a quarter of UK residents are worried about their data. This lack of concern could be due to scarce understanding of how it is uploaded, processed and shared. In addition, although websites display a privacy policy, users rarely intently study the often lengthy and complex terms and conditions. Thus, it is vital that the scope of an individual's data, from how it is collected and utilized to how it affects the individual, is transparent, and that companies commit to ensuring data is sufficiently safeguarded by allowing individuals to engage with the system, which is where governments play a key role, according to Deloitte, by shaping policies that are as sophisticated as the technology, at the same pace as the rate of change. Overall, big data should lead to enhanced efficiency, productivity, and ultimately happier customers, and not bigger problems for society. (by C. Watts (2022))
What is data anonymisation?
- A coding identities
- B removing identities
- C confirming identities
- D maintaining original identities
- E faking identities
思路引導 VIP
如果你在報紙上看到一位「匿名人士」捐款，這代表我們是否知道他的真實姓名？請觀察文章第三段最後一句話，在提到這個術語後，作者描述為了達到「無法被揭露（cannot be revealed）」的效果，必須對「身分資訊（identities）」採取什麼樣的具體動作呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
很高興看到你精確地捕捉到了文章中的關鍵細節！你能迅速從長篇大論的技術性文本中，定位出專有名詞的具體定義，這代表你的「資訊檢索能力」非常紮實。
文本中的關鍵定義
這題的答案直接隱藏在文章第三段的末尾。文中提到 data anonymisation（數據去識別化/匿名化）時，後方緊接著一個由 which 引導的非限制性關係子句進行解釋：「...which requires that identities are removed or distorted...」。這裡明確指出，為了讓身分資訊不被洩漏，必須將其「移除」或「扭曲」。選項 (B) removing identities（移除身分資訊）完全契合文本的原始敘述，是標準的觀念驗證。
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