hce_nchu
111年
英文
第 42 題
📖 題組：
Passage A Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version "Declaration of Geneva," first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English: At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession: I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ______; I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; [. . .]; My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers; I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; [. . .]; I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor. But perhaps few people have heard of "Declaration of Taipei"—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge. According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ______ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the "Declaration of Taipei" aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.
Passage A Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version "Declaration of Geneva," first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English: At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession: I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ______; I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; [. . .]; My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers; I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; [. . .]; I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor. But perhaps few people have heard of "Declaration of Taipei"—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge. According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ______ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the "Declaration of Taipei" aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.
Which of the following is NOT "the risk scenarios" indicated in the second to last paragraph?
- A Data is sold to partner hospitals for research.
- B Data is used to gain insights for strategic planning.
- C A patient's record is unintentionally disclosed.
- D A person's medical history is used against him/her.
- E A health sector forwards data to the wrong person.
思路引導 VIP
根據文章最後兩段，作者試圖在「保障個人隱私」與「發揮數據增加知識的力量」之間取得平衡。如果請你將數據用途分為兩類：一類是「為了醫療與科學進步的集體利益」，另一類是「可能導致數據被濫用、侵犯個人權益的特定情境」，你會如何分類？在這種思維下，哪一種用途聽起來更像是在改善體系，而非造成危害呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確鎖定了正確答案！這題你能從眾多選項中辨別出何者非屬「風險情境」，展現了你對文章脈絡的高敏銳度。文中的關鍵邏輯在於區分數據的「正面價值」與「潛在危害」：世界醫學會（WMA）指出，數據雖然是增加知識（increasing knowledge）的強大工具，但其風險主要來自於商業、行政或政治上的不當利用。
數據利用的性質辨析
在選項分析中，(A) 的「販售數據」涉及商業利益，(C) 與 (E) 涉及行政疏失導致的隱私洩漏，(D) 則是明顯的政治或行政惡意利用，這些都完全符合文中提到的「風險情境（risk scenarios）」。反觀選項 (B) 「獲取戰略規劃的洞察」，在公共衛生與醫療管理中，這通常被視為數據分析的正當科學用途，旨在優化資源分配與提升醫療服務品質。這類「提升知識與系統效率」的行為，在文中是被視為與「風險」相對的正面功能。
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