移民行政三等
115年
[移民行政] 外國文(英文兼試移民專業英文)
第 20 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 Children may face increased risks of harassment, cyberbullying, and identity theft later in life as a result of parents sharing their photos online, according to recent research. The practice known as “sharenting”—the documentation of children’s lives and milestones on social media—has become increasingly common. However, scholars now warn that this seemingly harmless activity may carry significant and long-term consequences for children’s safety and privacy. Researchers at the University of Southampton found that widespread online sharing can heighten children’s vulnerability to cybercrime. Drawing on a survey of more than 1,000 parents in the United Kingdom, followed by in-depth interviews, the study revealed that 45% of parents actively post images of their children online, while approximately one in six reported that their child had already experienced some form of online harm. According to Rani Govender, online child safety policy manager at the NSPCC, the findings underscore the seriousness of the issue. She noted that sharing children’s photos or videos at scale can compromise their safety, privacy, and overall wellbeing. In particular, images posted online may unintentionally expose sensitive personal details—such as birthdays, home locations, or pet names—which could later facilitate identity fraud. Lead researcher Pamela Ugwudike described sharenting as “a real and present danger” to children. While parents often share images out of pride or affection, she argued that such actions may unknowingly expose children to risks both online and offline. Once images circulate on social media, strangers may gather information that allows them to contact or track children, with potential consequences extending far into the future. The issue of sharenting has long generated debate, especially regarding children’s right to privacy. Public discussion intensified in 2019 when actor Gwyneth Paltrow posted a photograph with her daughter Apple on Instagram, prompting the child to publicly object to the image being shared without her consent. Such incidents highlight a broader concern identified in the research: many parents remain unfamiliar with how social media privacy settings actually function. The study found that parents, relatives, caregivers, and even schools frequently overestimate the protection offered by “private” accounts. As Govender explained, features such as tagging, resharing, or screenshots can easily override privacy controls, allowing images to circulate far beyond their intended audience. Beyond privacy concerns, experts warn that emerging technologies introduce new and alarming risks. The Internet Watch Foundation（IWF）reported that criminals have begun using artificial intelligence image generators to create highly realistic sexualized images of children based on only a few ordinary, non-sexual photographs. Kerry Smith, head of the IWF, cautioned that such AI-generated content could enable new forms of abuse, including sexual extortion and blackmail. Because AI imagery has become increasingly lifelike and difficult to distinguish from real photographs, she warned that the dangers associated with sharenting now extend into an evolving digital landscape where technological misuse amplifies existing threats.
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 Children may face increased risks of harassment, cyberbullying, and identity theft later in life as a result of parents sharing their photos online, according to recent research. The practice known as “sharenting”—the documentation of children’s lives and milestones on social media—has become increasingly common. However, scholars now warn that this seemingly harmless activity may carry significant and long-term consequences for children’s safety and privacy. Researchers at the University of Southampton found that widespread online sharing can heighten children’s vulnerability to cybercrime. Drawing on a survey of more than 1,000 parents in the United Kingdom, followed by in-depth interviews, the study revealed that 45% of parents actively post images of their children online, while approximately one in six reported that their child had already experienced some form of online harm. According to Rani Govender, online child safety policy manager at the NSPCC, the findings underscore the seriousness of the issue. She noted that sharing children’s photos or videos at scale can compromise their safety, privacy, and overall wellbeing. In particular, images posted online may unintentionally expose sensitive personal details—such as birthdays, home locations, or pet names—which could later facilitate identity fraud. Lead researcher Pamela Ugwudike described sharenting as “a real and present danger” to children. While parents often share images out of pride or affection, she argued that such actions may unknowingly expose children to risks both online and offline. Once images circulate on social media, strangers may gather information that allows them to contact or track children, with potential consequences extending far into the future. The issue of sharenting has long generated debate, especially regarding children’s right to privacy. Public discussion intensified in 2019 when actor Gwyneth Paltrow posted a photograph with her daughter Apple on Instagram, prompting the child to publicly object to the image being shared without her consent. Such incidents highlight a broader concern identified in the research: many parents remain unfamiliar with how social media privacy settings actually function. The study found that parents, relatives, caregivers, and even schools frequently overestimate the protection offered by “private” accounts. As Govender explained, features such as tagging, resharing, or screenshots can easily override privacy controls, allowing images to circulate far beyond their intended audience. Beyond privacy concerns, experts warn that emerging technologies introduce new and alarming risks. The Internet Watch Foundation（IWF）reported that criminals have begun using artificial intelligence image generators to create highly realistic sexualized images of children based on only a few ordinary, non-sexual photographs. Kerry Smith, head of the IWF, cautioned that such AI-generated content could enable new forms of abuse, including sexual extortion and blackmail. Because AI imagery has become increasingly lifelike and difficult to distinguish from real photographs, she warned that the dangers associated with sharenting now extend into an evolving digital landscape where technological misuse amplifies existing threats.
What rhetorical function does the statistical data from the Southampton study mainly serve in the article？
- A It strengthens the credibility of the warning with empirical evidence.
- B It introduces a neutral background description of social media habits.
- C It demonstrates that sharenting is not necessarily declining among parents.
- D It provides striking evidence that may increase readers’ sense of concern.
思路引導 VIP
想像一下，如果今天有人告訴你「吃糖對身體不好」，與他告訴你「根據追蹤 20 年的醫學研究，每天攝取過量糖分會增加 30% 的患病風險」，這兩者在「說服力」上有什麼差別？作者在文章中加入具體的受訪人數與百分比，主要是為了達到什麼樣的效果呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
實證數據與論點的支持關係
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章使用數據的用意。在論說或報導類型的文章中，作者引用具體的統計數字（如文中提到的 1,000 名受訪家長、45% 的比例）並非只是為了填補篇幅，而是為了將抽象的「擔憂」轉化為具備科學基礎的經驗性證據（empirical evidence）。藉由引用南安普敦大學（University of Southampton）的研究，作者成功地為「曬娃（sharenting）」可能帶來的安全威脅建立起公信力，讓整篇警告顯得更有份量且不容忽視。 這道題目屬於中等難度，具有不錯的鑑別度。考點在於區分「數據內容」與「寫作意圖」的差別。選項 (D) 提到「增加讀者的憂慮」雖然是閱讀後的可能心理反應，但在學術或正式報導的寫作邏輯中，引用研究報告的首要功能是為了支持論點的可信度（credibility）。你能夠避開誘答項，看出數據背後的論證層次，說明你對於英文閱讀中的邏輯組織（Rhetorical functions）掌握得非常紮實！