普通考試
105年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
$\hspace*{0.5cm}$ People feel safer behind some kind of physical barrier. Each social occasion involves us in encounters. If a social encounter is in any way threatening, then there is an immediate urge to set up such a barricade. The more formal the occasion and the more dominant or unfamiliar our social companions, the more worrying the moment of encounter becomes. Watching people under these conditions, we can observe the many small movements and postures in which they try to “hide behind their mothers’ bodies” as they did in their childhood. It is these that are the barrier signals of about life. $\hspace*{0.5cm}$ The most popular form of barrier signals is the body-cross. In this, one arm makes contact with the other across the front of the body. The action is performed unconsciously and, if asked about it immediately afterwards, the person will not be able to remember having made the gesture. The action is always disguised in some way, and the disguise it wears varies from person to person. For example, a male guest may lift his right hand, reach across his body and make a last-minute adjustment to his left cuff-link or the strap of his wristwatch when he walks toward his host. A female on a similar occasion may reach across her body with her right hand and slightly shift the position of her handbag or reposition a coat held over her left arm. In all case, at the peak moment of nervousness, there is a body-cross to construct a barrier between two people. $\hspace*{0.5cm}$ Interestingly, field observations reveal that in a social encounter it is most unlikely that both the greeter and the greeted will perform such action. Regardless of status, it is nearly always the new arrival who makes the body-cross movement, because it is he or she who is invading the home territory of the greeters. The greeters are there first and have at least temporary territorial “rights” over the place. This gives them a self-assured dominance at the moment of the greeting. Only if they are extremely subordinate to the new arrival will there be a likelihood of them taking the body-cross role.
$\hspace*{0.5cm}$ People feel safer behind some kind of physical barrier. Each social occasion involves us in encounters. If a social encounter is in any way threatening, then there is an immediate urge to set up such a barricade. The more formal the occasion and the more dominant or unfamiliar our social companions, the more worrying the moment of encounter becomes. Watching people under these conditions, we can observe the many small movements and postures in which they try to “hide behind their mothers’ bodies” as they did in their childhood. It is these that are the barrier signals of about life. $\hspace*{0.5cm}$ The most popular form of barrier signals is the body-cross. In this, one arm makes contact with the other across the front of the body. The action is performed unconsciously and, if asked about it immediately afterwards, the person will not be able to remember having made the gesture. The action is always disguised in some way, and the disguise it wears varies from person to person. For example, a male guest may lift his right hand, reach across his body and make a last-minute adjustment to his left cuff-link or the strap of his wristwatch when he walks toward his host. A female on a similar occasion may reach across her body with her right hand and slightly shift the position of her handbag or reposition a coat held over her left arm. In all case, at the peak moment of nervousness, there is a body-cross to construct a barrier between two people. $\hspace*{0.5cm}$ Interestingly, field observations reveal that in a social encounter it is most unlikely that both the greeter and the greeted will perform such action. Regardless of status, it is nearly always the new arrival who makes the body-cross movement, because it is he or she who is invading the home territory of the greeters. The greeters are there first and have at least temporary territorial “rights” over the place. This gives them a self-assured dominance at the moment of the greeting. Only if they are extremely subordinate to the new arrival will there be a likelihood of them taking the body-cross role.
What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
- A The invading greeter always performs the body-cross movement first in a social setting.
- B The home-based greeter performs less body-cross movement in a social encounter.
- C The greeter and the greeted rarely both perform the body-cross movement towards each other.
- D The greeters perform the body-cross movement if they are subordinate to the greeted.
思路引導 VIP
在尋找英文文章的「段落主旨」時，結構往往是有跡可循的。請試著先找出第三段的「第一句話」，觀察它傳達了一個什麼樣的「總結性現象」？接著再思考，段落後面的句子是不是都在解釋這個現象的原因？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確抓住了這段文章的核心意旨！這是一道標準的主旨題，考驗的是讀者能否從段落的首句（Topic Sentence）快速提取關鍵訊息。你在眾多細節描述中，精確地辨識出作者想要強調的重點，展現了優異的段落結構分析能力。
段落核心意旨分析
第三段的首句明確指出：「在社交場合中，迎接者與被迎接者極少同時做出身體交叉的動作」（it is most unlikely that both... will perform such action）。這是該段的總綱。後續內容則是在解釋原因，提到新到來的人因為感到進入他人領地而較具壓力，進而產生防衛動作，而迎接者通常保有領地優勢，除非地位極低，否則不會做出此動作。選項 (C) 直接呼應了首句的觀察結果，是文章最高層次的統整，因此是最適切的答案。
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