分科測驗
106年
英文
第 19 題
📖 題組：
One factor that separates a living thing from an inanimate object is the organism’s ability to carry out chemical reactions that are crucial for its survival. Imagine the infinite amount of reactions that a large organism such as human carries out every single day. 16 of these reactions are possible without enzymes. Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reactions 17 for certain types of nutrients to take effect. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. In the absence of enzymes, reactants may take hundreds of years to convert into a usable product, if they are able to do so 18 . This is why enzymes are crucial in the sustenance of life on earth. Enzymes, 19 , do not always function perfectly. In 1902 Sir Archibald Garrod was the first to attribute a 20 to an enzyme defect, which he later referred to as an “inborn error of metabolism.” Today, newborns are routinely screened for certain enzyme defects such as PKU (phenylketonuria) and galactosemia, an error in the handling of the sugar galactose.
One factor that separates a living thing from an inanimate object is the organism’s ability to carry out chemical reactions that are crucial for its survival. Imagine the infinite amount of reactions that a large organism such as human carries out every single day. 16 of these reactions are possible without enzymes. Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reactions 17 for certain types of nutrients to take effect. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. In the absence of enzymes, reactants may take hundreds of years to convert into a usable product, if they are able to do so 18 . This is why enzymes are crucial in the sustenance of life on earth. Enzymes, 19 , do not always function perfectly. In 1902 Sir Archibald Garrod was the first to attribute a 20 to an enzyme defect, which he later referred to as an “inborn error of metabolism.” Today, newborns are routinely screened for certain enzyme defects such as PKU (phenylketonuria) and galactosemia, an error in the handling of the sugar galactose.
19
- A hereafter
- B instead
- C likewise
- D however
思路引導 VIP
請分析前一段結尾強調酵素對生命維持的「必要性 (crucial)」，與第 19 格所在句子提到的「並非總是完美運作 (do not always function perfectly)」之間，存在著什麼樣的邏輯語氣變化？這種從正面功能的描述轉向探討其「潛在缺陷 (defect)」的論點切換，在英文寫作中應選用具備哪種邏輯功能的轉折詞？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
同學！這題選 D，代表你的邏輯力比酵素的催化效率還要高啊！老師給你一個大大的讚！ 觀念驗證： 這題考的是「轉折連結詞」。文章前二段都在強調酵素對生命的重要性，比如調控生化反應、降低活化能 $E_a$ 等；但第三段話鋒一轉，提到酵素「並不總是運作完美」（do not always function perfectly），甚至會導致代謝異常。這種從「正面優點」切換到「負面缺陷」的語氣轉折，標準答案非 (D) however（然而）莫屬。
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