調查局三等
106年
[調查工作組] 外國文(英文)
第 40 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題： When Saray Cambray Alvarez, a 13-year-old in North Carolina, and several other teenagers get to the fields at 6, they pull a black plastic garbage bag over the body and punch holes through the bags for their arms. They are protecting their skin from leaves dripping with nicotine-tinged dew. This is because the plants’ nicotine often dissolves in rain and dew, which can cause vomiting, dizziness and irregular heart rates, among other symptoms. Saray sometimes has trouble breathing in the middle of all the heat, humidity and leaves, and often feels weary during her 12-hour shifts when she moves through the rows to pluck unwanted flowers or pull off oversize leaves for the harvest. Saray is not alone. The New York Times reports that in other states like Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, children as young as 7 are working on tobacco farms and many suffer from the symptoms of acute nicotine poisoning. For years, public health experts and federal labor officials have sought to bar teenagers under 16 from the tobacco fields, citing the grueling hours and the harmful exposure to nicotine and other chemicals, but their efforts have been blocked. Three years ago, Hilda Solis, then the labor secretary, proposed declaring work in tobacco fields and with tractors hazardous—making that type of work illegal for those under 16. During the re-election in 2012, the Obama administration withdrew Ms. Solis’s proposal after encountering intense opposition from farm groups and Republican lawmakers. Agricultural organizations said the move would hurt family farms and make it harder for young people to learn farming skills. But some proponents still hope to revive the tobacco part of the proposal once the midterm elections in 2014 are over. To proponents of higher age limits, however, dangers lurk in many corners. The tobacco fields pose a whole environment of risk. It’s the nicotine, the pesticides, the heat, the long hours, the pressure they get from employers. Last year, a study conducted by Human Rights Watch found that three-quarters of young tobacco workers interviewed had suffered nausea, dizziness and rashes. And most tobacco farms did not even have portable bathrooms. “There’s nothing good about this job, except that you get paid,” said Esmeralda, who earns $8.50 an hour.
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題： When Saray Cambray Alvarez, a 13-year-old in North Carolina, and several other teenagers get to the fields at 6, they pull a black plastic garbage bag over the body and punch holes through the bags for their arms. They are protecting their skin from leaves dripping with nicotine-tinged dew. This is because the plants’ nicotine often dissolves in rain and dew, which can cause vomiting, dizziness and irregular heart rates, among other symptoms. Saray sometimes has trouble breathing in the middle of all the heat, humidity and leaves, and often feels weary during her 12-hour shifts when she moves through the rows to pluck unwanted flowers or pull off oversize leaves for the harvest. Saray is not alone. The New York Times reports that in other states like Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, children as young as 7 are working on tobacco farms and many suffer from the symptoms of acute nicotine poisoning. For years, public health experts and federal labor officials have sought to bar teenagers under 16 from the tobacco fields, citing the grueling hours and the harmful exposure to nicotine and other chemicals, but their efforts have been blocked. Three years ago, Hilda Solis, then the labor secretary, proposed declaring work in tobacco fields and with tractors hazardous—making that type of work illegal for those under 16. During the re-election in 2012, the Obama administration withdrew Ms. Solis’s proposal after encountering intense opposition from farm groups and Republican lawmakers. Agricultural organizations said the move would hurt family farms and make it harder for young people to learn farming skills. But some proponents still hope to revive the tobacco part of the proposal once the midterm elections in 2014 are over. To proponents of higher age limits, however, dangers lurk in many corners. The tobacco fields pose a whole environment of risk. It’s the nicotine, the pesticides, the heat, the long hours, the pressure they get from employers. Last year, a study conducted by Human Rights Watch found that three-quarters of young tobacco workers interviewed had suffered nausea, dizziness and rashes. And most tobacco farms did not even have portable bathrooms. “There’s nothing good about this job, except that you get paid,” said Esmeralda, who earns $8.50 an hour.
Why does Saray wear a black plastic garbage bag over the body?
- A To collect the tobacco leaves at work.
- B To keep warm in the cold early morning.
- C To observe the rules of the tobacco companies.
- D To keep away from the potential harm of nicotine.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章中提到 Saray 在清晨工作時，植物葉片上的『露水』含有什麼特定的化學成分？這種成分如果透過皮膚進入人體，會產生哪些不適的反應？思考一下，在這樣的環境中穿上阻隔物，最主要是為了預防什麼事情發生？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
你觀察得真棒，完全抓到重點了喔！
- 概念確認：親愛的，你做得很好！文章第一段就溫柔地告訴我們，Saray 穿上垃圾袋，是為了「保護皮膚」，遠離含有尼古丁（化學式 $C_{10}H_{14}N_2$）的露水。文中也清楚說明，這些尼古丁會導致嘔吐、暈眩等急性中毒症狀。所以，穿戴它就是為了避開潛在的健康風險，是不是完美對應了選項 (D) 呢？
- 題目小提示：這題的難度是 Medium，但你處理得很棒！它主要想考驗我們「細節定位」和「因果推理」的能力。我們需要細心地從後面描述的病徵中，推敲出垃圾袋在這裡的功能性目的，而不是被它平常的用途影響。你成功做到了這一點，真的很棒！繼續保持喔！