司法三等
106年
[觀護人] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 45 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 41 至 45 題： By far some of the most prestigious centers of European learning today stand where they were founded eight hundred years ago: Oxford and Cambridge in England; the University of Paris in France; the University of Bologna in Italy. European universities developed in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries 41 the emergence of city life. Earlier medieval schools were most often 42 the monasteries, which were perforce situated in rural areas. As cities grew in importance, schools also developed at urban monasteries or under the 43 of bishops whose cathedrals were in the towns. The cathedral school was a direct 44 of the increasing importance of towns and the increasing power of bishops, the spiritual leaders of town life. In Italy, town life had been relatively strong throughout the early Middle Ages, so there was a tradition of schools which were controlled by the common people. The center of medical studies in Salerno and the law faculty of Bologna had been in 45 hands since the tenth century.
請依下文回答第 41 至 45 題： By far some of the most prestigious centers of European learning today stand where they were founded eight hundred years ago: Oxford and Cambridge in England; the University of Paris in France; the University of Bologna in Italy. European universities developed in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries 41 the emergence of city life. Earlier medieval schools were most often 42 the monasteries, which were perforce situated in rural areas. As cities grew in importance, schools also developed at urban monasteries or under the 43 of bishops whose cathedrals were in the towns. The cathedral school was a direct 44 of the increasing importance of towns and the increasing power of bishops, the spiritual leaders of town life. In Italy, town life had been relatively strong throughout the early Middle Ages, so there was a tradition of schools which were controlled by the common people. The center of medical studies in Salerno and the law faculty of Bologna had been in 45 hands since the tenth century.
45
- A secular
- B financial
- C spiritual
- D mercantile
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格的前一句話：義大利的學校是由「什麼樣的人群」（common people）所控制的？再對比文章前半段提到的「修道院」與「主教」，這兩者在性質上有什麼根本的區別？如果你要找一個形容詞來描述『非教會體系、屬於一般社會』的性質，你會選擇哪種特質的詞彙呢？
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- 觀念驗證： 這題的核心在於對比邏輯。文中提到早期學校多由 monasteries（修道院）或 bishops（主教）管理，這屬於宗教勢力。然而，義大利的學校是由 common people（平民）控制。在英文中，要描述「非宗教的」、「世俗的」或「平民化的」權力，最精準的單字就是 (A) secular。
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