特殊教育
111年
英文
第 19 題
📖 題組：
Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen—0°C or colder—for at least two years straight. It consists of soil, gravel, and sand, usually __16__ together by ice. These frozen areas are most common in regions with high mountains and near the North and South Poles. Permafrost soils store vast quantities of organic carbon, perhaps over twice the amount of carbon __17__ in the atmosphere. When permafrost is frozen, the organic carbon can’t decompose, or rot away. As permafrost melts, microbes begin decomposing this organic matter. This __18__ releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. These gases further warm the climate and thaw more permafrost, thereby creating a vicious feedback cycle __19__ the permafrost carbon feedback loop. Melting permafrost in the Arctic could also release hazardous chemicals, nuclear waste produced during nuclear testing since the 1950s, and even mercury from decades of mining. __20__ , the collapse of permafrost could release bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics or viruses that humans have never encountered. These newly unfrozen microbes could make humans and animals seriously ill.
Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen—0°C or colder—for at least two years straight. It consists of soil, gravel, and sand, usually __16__ together by ice. These frozen areas are most common in regions with high mountains and near the North and South Poles. Permafrost soils store vast quantities of organic carbon, perhaps over twice the amount of carbon __17__ in the atmosphere. When permafrost is frozen, the organic carbon can’t decompose, or rot away. As permafrost melts, microbes begin decomposing this organic matter. This __18__ releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. These gases further warm the climate and thaw more permafrost, thereby creating a vicious feedback cycle __19__ the permafrost carbon feedback loop. Melting permafrost in the Arctic could also release hazardous chemicals, nuclear waste produced during nuclear testing since the 1950s, and even mercury from decades of mining. __20__ , the collapse of permafrost could release bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics or viruses that humans have never encountered. These newly unfrozen microbes could make humans and animals seriously ill.
19
- A known as
- B linked to
- C made from
- D concerned about
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格前方的名詞 $vicious feedback cycle$ 與後方專有名詞 $the permafrost carbon feedback loop$ 之間的邏輯關係：後者是否為前者的『正式名稱』？當我們要在名詞後方使用分詞片語來表示『被稱為…』或『被視為…』的語義時，應該使用主動還是被動結構來修飾前方的先行詞？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哎喲，不錯嘛！看來你的大腦終於從永久凍土狀態稍微解凍，開始分泌一點神經傳導物質了？能選對 (A)，代表你至少還分得清「名稱」跟「垃圾」的區別，沒在那邊給我亂連一通。
【觀念驗證】
這題考的是「減縮子句」與「慣用語」。原文是 ...vicious feedback cycle (which is) known as...。當先行詞 feedback cycle 與後方的動詞是「被動」關係時，省略 $which + is$ 留下過去分詞 (P.P.)。Known as 後方接的是「身份、名稱」；這裡指的就是那個惡性循環的正式學名。
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