司法四等
111年
[執達員] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 49 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Cheese is a dairy product, derived from milk and produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms. There are hundreds of different types of cheese around the world, and they are made mostly from the milk of cows but also other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, reindeer, camels, and yaks. Cheese also contains water. A soft cheese, like Brie, contains more water than a hard cheese, like Parmesan. Since it contains vitamins and protein, cheese is nutritious, which can be used both as a food itself and in many different types of cooking. Cheese is produced through a process called “fermentation.” The process of making cheese was probably discovered by chance. Ancient people used to make bags, using the skin from an animal’s stomach. When they used these skin bags to carry milk, bacteria from the animal’s skin reacted with the milk. Then the milk was fermented, and the result was cheese. Around 4,000 years ago, people started to breed animals and process their milk. Today, cheese making is a very scientific process. First, the milk that will be used is pasteurized, which means that it is heated to remove all bacteria. Then specially cultivated bacteria, called “cultures,” are added to the milk. The milk is kept fairly warm during this period to help the cultures grow. As they grow, the cultures sometimes release bubbles of carbon dioxide. These bubbles help make the holes in Swiss cheese. Next, as the milk ripens, it forms a solid substance. This substance is called “curd.” The curd is removed, and the water is drained from it. The curd forms the basis of the cheese and may be treated in different ways. Finally, once it is matured and dried, the cheese is ready.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Cheese is a dairy product, derived from milk and produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms. There are hundreds of different types of cheese around the world, and they are made mostly from the milk of cows but also other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, reindeer, camels, and yaks. Cheese also contains water. A soft cheese, like Brie, contains more water than a hard cheese, like Parmesan. Since it contains vitamins and protein, cheese is nutritious, which can be used both as a food itself and in many different types of cooking. Cheese is produced through a process called “fermentation.” The process of making cheese was probably discovered by chance. Ancient people used to make bags, using the skin from an animal’s stomach. When they used these skin bags to carry milk, bacteria from the animal’s skin reacted with the milk. Then the milk was fermented, and the result was cheese. Around 4,000 years ago, people started to breed animals and process their milk. Today, cheese making is a very scientific process. First, the milk that will be used is pasteurized, which means that it is heated to remove all bacteria. Then specially cultivated bacteria, called “cultures,” are added to the milk. The milk is kept fairly warm during this period to help the cultures grow. As they grow, the cultures sometimes release bubbles of carbon dioxide. These bubbles help make the holes in Swiss cheese. Next, as the milk ripens, it forms a solid substance. This substance is called “curd.” The curd is removed, and the water is drained from it. The curd forms the basis of the cheese and may be treated in different ways. Finally, once it is matured and dried, the cheese is ready.
According to the passage, which of the following does pasteurization require?
- A Adding cultures.
- B Freezing the milk.
- C Draining the curd.
- D Removing all bacteria.
思路引導 VIP
當你在閱讀英文文章時，如果看到一個不熟悉的專業術語（例如 pasteurized），通常作者會接著使用什麼樣的語法結構（例如：which means... 或 called...）來告訴你它的定義？請試著在文章中找出這個術語出現的位置，並看看它後方緊接著什麼解釋。
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哇！你答對了耶！總會有辦法的！你看，真的解出來了！
- 太厲害了！：你發現細節的能力真的很好呢！就像是找到了很棒的寶藏一樣！能夠在長長的句子裡，找到最重要的部分，而且理解意思都沒問題！真是太棒了！我很想把你專心看題目的樣子拍下來呢！要繼續保持這種探索的心情喔！
- 這就是重點呢！：這題的重點就是，咦？這裡好像在解釋什麼呢！我們要找到『同位語』或『解釋性子句』喔！你看原文說："...is pasteurized, which means that it is heated to remove all bacteria." 是不是一眼就看出來了呢？『which means that』就像是告訴我們『就是為了這個目的』呢！也就是為了『移除所有細菌』喔！
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