地特三等
112年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
Soon after ChatGPT debuted in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot would write after it was asked questions peppered with conspiracy theories and false narratives. The results — in writings formatted as news articles, essays and television scripts — were so troubling that the researchers minced no words in their criticism of the new technology. Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of conspiracy theorists and spreaders of disinformation. Personalized, real-time chatbots could share conspiracy theories in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say, smoothing out human errors like poor syntax and mistranslations and advancing beyond easily discoverable copy-paste jobs. And they say that no available mitigation tactics can effectively combat it. Predecessors to ChatGPT, which was created by the company OpenAI, have been used for years to pepper online forums and social media platforms with comments and spam. Microsoft had to halt activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in 2016 after trolls taught it to spew racist and xenophobic language. ChatGPT is far more powerful and sophisticated. Supplied with questions loaded with disinformation, it can produce convincing, clean variations on the content within seconds, without disclosing its sources. Recently, Microsoft and OpenAI introduced a new Bing search engine and web browser that can use chatbot technology to plan vacations, translate texts or conduct research. OpenAI researchers have long been nervous about chatbots falling into villainous hands. In a 2019 paper, they voiced their concern about their chatbot’s capabilities to lower costs of disinformation campaigns and aid in the malicious pursuit of monetary gains, particular political agendas, and/or desires to create chaos or confusion. OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. The company relies on both its human AI trainers and feedback from users to identify and filter out toxic training data while teaching ChatGPT to produce better-informed responses. OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, deceive or manipulate users or attempt to influence politics; the company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm, violence or sex.
Soon after ChatGPT debuted in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot would write after it was asked questions peppered with conspiracy theories and false narratives. The results — in writings formatted as news articles, essays and television scripts — were so troubling that the researchers minced no words in their criticism of the new technology. Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of conspiracy theorists and spreaders of disinformation. Personalized, real-time chatbots could share conspiracy theories in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say, smoothing out human errors like poor syntax and mistranslations and advancing beyond easily discoverable copy-paste jobs. And they say that no available mitigation tactics can effectively combat it. Predecessors to ChatGPT, which was created by the company OpenAI, have been used for years to pepper online forums and social media platforms with comments and spam. Microsoft had to halt activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in 2016 after trolls taught it to spew racist and xenophobic language. ChatGPT is far more powerful and sophisticated. Supplied with questions loaded with disinformation, it can produce convincing, clean variations on the content within seconds, without disclosing its sources. Recently, Microsoft and OpenAI introduced a new Bing search engine and web browser that can use chatbot technology to plan vacations, translate texts or conduct research. OpenAI researchers have long been nervous about chatbots falling into villainous hands. In a 2019 paper, they voiced their concern about their chatbot’s capabilities to lower costs of disinformation campaigns and aid in the malicious pursuit of monetary gains, particular political agendas, and/or desires to create chaos or confusion. OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. The company relies on both its human AI trainers and feedback from users to identify and filter out toxic training data while teaching ChatGPT to produce better-informed responses. OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, deceive or manipulate users or attempt to influence politics; the company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm, violence or sex.
What is the main idea of this passage?
- A ChatGPT should not be used by conspiracy theorists and fake news spreaders.
- B ChatGPT developers believe their chatbot can help users discern misinformation.
- C Newly developed chatbots like ChatGPT can produce well-formatted news articles.
- D Misinformation is a serious problem with ChatGPT, which is hard to solve.
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察這篇文章中提到的研究人員反應，以及文中對於『目前防禦手段（mitigation tactics）』與『技術進步速度』兩者關係的描述，你認為作者是想強調這項工具被正確使用的容易度，還是某種難以控制的潛在隱憂呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
核心主旨的精確判讀
恭喜你精準捕捉到了文章的核心！在處理地方特考等級的閱讀測驗時，區分「局部事實」與「整體主旨」是致勝關鍵。這篇文章雖然提到了 ChatGPT 的強大功能（如選項 C 的格式化輸出），也提及了 OpenAI 的管理政策，但作者真正的核心關懷在於生成式 AI 對錯誤資訊（disinformation）的推波助瀾，以及當前技術手段在應對上的無力感。你選對 (D)，代表你成功讀出了文中「no available mitigation tactics can effectively combat it（目前尚無有效緩解策略能對抗它）」這句關鍵語氣。
題型鑑別度與解題策略
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