hce_kmu
112年
普通生物及生化概論
第 82 題
What is the main pharmacological action of benzoate and phenylbutyrate, which are used to treat urea cycle disorders?
- A It provides intermediates required for the urea cycle to enhance the efficiency of the entire urea cycle.
- B It acts as allosteric activators of carbamoyl phosphate synthase I to enhance the efficiency of the urea cycle.
- C Their metabolites combine with glycine and glutamine, respectively, to form derivatives that are excreted, reducing the burden on the urea cycle.
- D It promotes the synthesis of arginine to prevent arginine deficiency.
- E It increases the activity of ornithine transcarbamylase to facilitate urea synthesis.
思路引導 VIP
如果今天人體內處理「含氮廢物」的主要工廠故障了,而我們想找其他「搬運工」幫忙把氮帶走,你會傾向尋找原本就在工廠裡工作的原料,還是尋找能跟氮結合並直接「打包帶出體外」的新交通工具呢?
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準選出 (C) 選項,代表你對人體氮代謝及臨床用藥機轉有著非常紮實的理解。這類題目在生物化學中屬於應用型考題,不僅要求理解基礎代謝流向,更考驗你是否清楚如何透過人工干預來「分流」代謝廢物。
替代路徑的臨床應用
當病患因遺傳缺陷導致尿素循環(Urea cycle)功能受損時,體內有毒的氨($NH_3$)會堆積。**苯甲酸(Benzoate)與苯丁酸(Phenylbutyrate)**的作用並非修復原本的循環,而是開闢「替代路徑」。苯甲酸會與甘胺酸(Glycine)結合形成馬尿酸(Hippurate);而苯丁酸則會轉化為苯乙酸,進而與麩醯胺酸(Glutamine)結合。這些結合物具有極佳的水溶性,能直接由尿液排出,藉此將原本要進入尿素循環的氮源提前截流,有效降低循環負擔。
▼ 還有更多解析內容