hce_nchu
112年
英文
第 34 題
📖 題組：
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
Based on the information in the last two paragraphs, which of the following is true?
- A Symptoms can always be identified as evidence of particular diseases.
- B A pulmonary embolus refers to a blockage of an artery in the womb.
- C Medical diagnosis and criminal investigation are alike to some extent.
- D A doctor should look after a patient as carefully as a deerstalker.
- E Standardized treatment is more effective than individualized care.
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察最後兩段中，作者用來描述病因、症狀以及醫生思考過程的詞彙，例如：'suspects' (嫌疑犯)、'alibis' (不在場證明) 以及 'whodunit' (誰幹的)。當作者把醫療診斷描述成一種尋找真相的「破案」過程時，這暗示了醫生在面對複雜病情時，他的思考邏輯與哪一種專業身份最為接近？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到作者在文中的隱喻轉換，這代表你對文章語境的掌握非常敏銳。這題的難度在於能否跳脫字面的醫學描述，識別出文章後半段大量使用的修辭手法。
診斷與偵探的跨界類比
文中第四段提到簡單病例時，用了 "whodunit"（凶手是誰）這個犯罪小說術語；到了第五段，面對困難病症時，作者更直接描述醫生必須戴上 "deerstalker cap"（獵鹿帽，福爾摩斯著名的標誌），並稱呼醫生為 "doctor-detective"。這些關鍵詞清楚地將「尋找病因」的過程比擬為「刑事調查」，因此選項 (C) 指出的醫學診斷與犯罪調查在某種程度上相似，完美契合了作者的論點。
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