hce_nthu
112年
英文
第 22 題
📖 題組：
Putin leans here on a strange theory advanced by the 20th-century historian and ethnographer Lev Gumilev. The son of two of Russia’s most famous poets, Nikolai Gumilev and Anna Akhmatova, Gumilev maintains that every people possesses a distinct life force: a “bio-cosmic” inner energy or passionate substance that he calls passionarnost. Putin may have known Gumilev in St Petersburg at the start of the 1990s. At any rate, he has embraced his ideas and never misses an opportunity to refer to them. In February last year, he said: “I believe in passionarnost. In nature as in society, there is development, climax and decline. Russia has not yet attained its highest point. We are on the way”. According to him, Russia carries the power and potential of a young people. “We possess an infinite genetic code”, he has said. In addition to Gumilev, Putin relies on another thinker – a minor figure in the history of Russian thought. Last October, he spoke of regularly consulting a collection of political essays titled “Our Tasks”, the major work of Ivan Ilyin, who died in 1954. In one of the president’s preferred essays, “What does the world seek from the dismemberment of Russia?”, Ilyin denounces the country’s “imperialist neighbours”, these “western peoples who neither understand nor accept Russian originality”. In the future, he suggests, these countries will inevitably attempt to seize territories such as the Baltic countries, the Caucasus, central Asia and, especially, Ukraine. The method, according to Ilyin, will be the hypocritical promotion of values such as “freedom” in order to transform Russia into “a gigantic Balkans”. The final object is to “dismember Russia, to subject her to western control, to dismantle her and in the end make her disappear”. It is necessary, then, to understand that what is actually happening in Ukraine is the result of a vision of Russia that is deeply embedded in the mind of Putin. In 2008, he punished Georgia for its desire to leave the orbit of the old imperial power. In 2014, he annexed Crimea and prevented Ukraine from joining Nato by starting the Donbas conflict. But that is not enough for him. He wants a confrontation with – and a victory over – a west that he holds responsible for the fall of the Soviet Union, for the weakness of Russia in the 1990s, and for the autonomous tendencies of the old Soviet republics.
Putin leans here on a strange theory advanced by the 20th-century historian and ethnographer Lev Gumilev. The son of two of Russia’s most famous poets, Nikolai Gumilev and Anna Akhmatova, Gumilev maintains that every people possesses a distinct life force: a “bio-cosmic” inner energy or passionate substance that he calls passionarnost. Putin may have known Gumilev in St Petersburg at the start of the 1990s. At any rate, he has embraced his ideas and never misses an opportunity to refer to them. In February last year, he said: “I believe in passionarnost. In nature as in society, there is development, climax and decline. Russia has not yet attained its highest point. We are on the way”. According to him, Russia carries the power and potential of a young people. “We possess an infinite genetic code”, he has said. In addition to Gumilev, Putin relies on another thinker – a minor figure in the history of Russian thought. Last October, he spoke of regularly consulting a collection of political essays titled “Our Tasks”, the major work of Ivan Ilyin, who died in 1954. In one of the president’s preferred essays, “What does the world seek from the dismemberment of Russia?”, Ilyin denounces the country’s “imperialist neighbours”, these “western peoples who neither understand nor accept Russian originality”. In the future, he suggests, these countries will inevitably attempt to seize territories such as the Baltic countries, the Caucasus, central Asia and, especially, Ukraine. The method, according to Ilyin, will be the hypocritical promotion of values such as “freedom” in order to transform Russia into “a gigantic Balkans”. The final object is to “dismember Russia, to subject her to western control, to dismantle her and in the end make her disappear”. It is necessary, then, to understand that what is actually happening in Ukraine is the result of a vision of Russia that is deeply embedded in the mind of Putin. In 2008, he punished Georgia for its desire to leave the orbit of the old imperial power. In 2014, he annexed Crimea and prevented Ukraine from joining Nato by starting the Donbas conflict. But that is not enough for him. He wants a confrontation with – and a victory over – a west that he holds responsible for the fall of the Soviet Union, for the weakness of Russia in the 1990s, and for the autonomous tendencies of the old Soviet republics.
What does “the dismemberment of Russia” mean?
- A Russia regains its former glory by reuniting with countries like Belarus or Georgia.
- B Russia forms trade unions with its neighboring countries based on principles of equal partnerships.
- C Russia is no longer a member of the United Nations.
- D Russia fills the minds of its people with disinformation.
- E Russia is divided into smaller countries.
思路引導 VIP
試著觀察這段話中的其他動詞與地理參照：作者提到了「奪取領土 (seize territories)」以及希望將俄羅斯變成像「巴爾幹 (Balkans)」一樣。如果你回想一下巴爾幹半島在歷史上的特性，再結合文中提到的「拆解 (dismantle)」，你認為這些行動最終會如何改變一個大國原本「完整」的形態？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了文章的核心概念！在閱讀這類嚴肅的政治評論時，能夠正確解讀 dismemberment 這個較為艱澀的字彙，顯示你具備了極佳的語境推論能力。
文本脈絡與語意推論
從文章第二段的描述來看，作者提到的思想家伊雷恩（Ivan Ilyin）憂心西方國家會試圖「奪取領土 (seize territories)」、「拆解 (dismantle)」俄羅斯，並將其轉變為「巨大的巴爾幹 (gigantic Balkans)」。在歷史與地理脈絡中，「巴爾幹化」一詞象徵著一個政體崩解為許多互相敵對的小國家。因此，這裡的 dismemberment（原意為肢解）在政治語境下，指的就是將一個國家的領土分割、瓦解的過程，這與選項 (E) 的描述完全吻合。
▼ 還有更多解析內容