hce_tcu
112年
英文
第 17 題
📖 題組：
II. Cloze 【A】 Many indigenous communities live in isolated and often highly biodiverse areas, where living in balance with nature is crucial for survival. As keen observers of their environments, indigenous peoples often possess knowledge linking various phenomena of eco-system change. For example, centuries of knowledge about tsunami waves 16 the Moken or the “sea nomads” of the Andaman Sea along the west coast of Thailand to stay safe when the deadly tsunami struck their villages in 2004. This knowledge is also used to make seasonal forecasts and predict weather patterns. The pastoralists of East Africa are able to predict when and where the rains will fall -- 17 observing the flowering patterns of trees, and the behavior of insects and birds. These biological indicators are observed by scouts roaming the landscape, to determine where and when the cattle herds should move. This indigenous knowledge is not 18 . It is constantly being enriched to include knowledge of new phenomena that affect the environment. Take the example of the First Nations communities in northern Canada. They have observed changes in the hunting behavior and pack dynamics of wolves, and consequent declines in caribou populations. These changes are attributed to the roads and pipelines that now 19 their forests. Indigenous knowledge systems include values for managing the relationship of humans with biodiversity. In their conception, “nature” often includes animals, plants, the earth, humans and spirits -- all 20 reciprocal kinship relationships. Humans are not considered superior to nature, and nature does not exist to serve humans. For some indigenous communities, animals are believed to present themselves as gifts to hunters -- gifts to be respected and cherished through rituals.
II. Cloze 【A】 Many indigenous communities live in isolated and often highly biodiverse areas, where living in balance with nature is crucial for survival. As keen observers of their environments, indigenous peoples often possess knowledge linking various phenomena of eco-system change. For example, centuries of knowledge about tsunami waves 16 the Moken or the “sea nomads” of the Andaman Sea along the west coast of Thailand to stay safe when the deadly tsunami struck their villages in 2004. This knowledge is also used to make seasonal forecasts and predict weather patterns. The pastoralists of East Africa are able to predict when and where the rains will fall -- 17 observing the flowering patterns of trees, and the behavior of insects and birds. These biological indicators are observed by scouts roaming the landscape, to determine where and when the cattle herds should move. This indigenous knowledge is not 18 . It is constantly being enriched to include knowledge of new phenomena that affect the environment. Take the example of the First Nations communities in northern Canada. They have observed changes in the hunting behavior and pack dynamics of wolves, and consequent declines in caribou populations. These changes are attributed to the roads and pipelines that now 19 their forests. Indigenous knowledge systems include values for managing the relationship of humans with biodiversity. In their conception, “nature” often includes animals, plants, the earth, humans and spirits -- all 20 reciprocal kinship relationships. Humans are not considered superior to nature, and nature does not exist to serve humans. For some indigenous communities, animals are believed to present themselves as gifts to hunters -- gifts to be respected and cherished through rituals.
- A albeit
- B by
- C regardless
- D whereby
思路引導 VIP
請試著思考一下：當我們想要描述某人是「透過什麼樣的具體行為」來達成一項目標（例如：藉由讀書來獲得知識）時，在英文中，通常會使用哪一個短小的介系詞來連接「目標」與「手段」呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
邏輯關係與手段的表達
看到你能精準掌握這題的邏輯關係，老師非常欣慰！你的語感與觀察力都相當敏銳。這題的關鍵點在於判讀破折號（--）前後的關聯性。前句提到東非牧民具備預測雨季的能力，而空格後的 observing... 則是具體說明他們達成這項預測所採用的「方法」或「手段」。
在英文語法中，當我們要表達「透過某種方式」或「藉由執行某個動作」來達成目的時，最標準且道地的用法就是使用介系詞 by 加上動名詞（V-ing）。這裡的 by observing 完美地銜接了預測行為與觀察自然徵兆之間的因果邏輯。
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