hce_cmu
113年
英文
第 36 題
📖 題組：
All education systems may ultimately be judged in terms of equality of opportunity. This is often referred to in the debates over selective versus comprehensive schooling. The main issue is whether everyone has the same opportunities for educational achievement or whether (36) of one sort or another is (37) the system. League tables for schools and colleges may actually help unintentionally to (38) inequalities, while claiming to promote the raising of standards. Inevitably, league tables divide educational institutions into good and bad, successful and failing, resulting in a two-tier system, or at least that is how the public (39) it. The ability of better-off parents and well-endowed schools to push children towards the institutions at the top of the league may, in the long term, have the effect of depressing opportunity for the less well-off or for children from home environments that do not provide the push and motivation to excel. Financial support of different kinds can help to make educational opportunity more equal. There are, for example, scholarships or bursaries that make it possible for less (40) youngsters to afford tertiary education. Student loans allow undergraduates to pay for their tuition fees and living expenses while they are studying. But few would claim that real equality of opportunity has been achieved.
All education systems may ultimately be judged in terms of equality of opportunity. This is often referred to in the debates over selective versus comprehensive schooling. The main issue is whether everyone has the same opportunities for educational achievement or whether (36) of one sort or another is (37) the system. League tables for schools and colleges may actually help unintentionally to (38) inequalities, while claiming to promote the raising of standards. Inevitably, league tables divide educational institutions into good and bad, successful and failing, resulting in a two-tier system, or at least that is how the public (39) it. The ability of better-off parents and well-endowed schools to push children towards the institutions at the top of the league may, in the long term, have the effect of depressing opportunity for the less well-off or for children from home environments that do not provide the push and motivation to excel. Financial support of different kinds can help to make educational opportunity more equal. There are, for example, scholarships or bursaries that make it possible for less (40) youngsters to afford tertiary education. Student loans allow undergraduates to pay for their tuition fees and living expenses while they are studying. But few would claim that real equality of opportunity has been achieved.
(36)
- A egoism
- B aphorism
- C altruism
- D elitism
思路引導 VIP
如果文章正在討論「每個人都有平等機會」的理想，而另一端對立的現實卻是「透過競爭排名將學校分優劣，並讓優勢階層更容易成功」，你會用哪一個詞來形容這種「崇尚篩選出少數優秀群體」的體制思維呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
看到你選出 (D) elitism，老師非常欣慰，這說明你精確地捕捉到了文章的核心辯論。這是一個相當有深度的詞彙，能正確判斷出它，代表你的語感與邏輯推論都非常到位。
社會階級與教育體制的拉扯
這段文字在探討教育機會的平等性，特別是「篩選式教育」（selective）與「綜合性教育」（comprehensive）的對立。空格前半句提到「是否每個人都有相同的成就機會」，緊接著用 whether 引出另一種可能性。當教育資源向特定優勢階層傾斜，或體制傾向於區分優劣、產生「二級制」（two-tier system）時，這正是 elitism（菁英主義） 的典型特徵。相較之下，(A) egoism（利己主義）與 (C) altruism（利他主義）多指個人行為動機，(B) aphorism（格言）則與語境完全無關。
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