統測
113年
[外語群英語類] 專業科目(2)
第 28 題
📖 題組：
Arbitrary detention is the violation of the right to liberty. It refers to the act of apprehending and taking away a person’s freedom without following nationally recognized laws or international standards. When someone is detained arbitrarily, they are deprived of means to defend themselves from extrajudicial execution, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, etc. Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights specifies the circumstances that make detention arbitrary. 1. The grounds for the arrest are illegal. 2. The procedural rights of the victim were not respected. 3. The victim was not informed of the reasons for the arrest. 4. The victim was not brought before a judge within a reasonable amount of time. Reports of civilians who were held by Russian armed forces or went missing appeared shortly after the Russian Federation launched its full-scale military attack against Ukraine on 24 February, 2022. Meanwhile, the number of conflict-related detentions increased in several areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, according to data provided by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). Between 24 February 2022 and 23 May 2023, OHCHR documented 864 cases of arbitrary detention by Russian armed forces. A significant number of these cases also amount to enforced disappearances. (Chart: ARBITRARY DETENTIONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, DOCUMENTED BY OHCHR*, from 24 February 2022 to 23 May 2023. Shows data by month of initial apprehension and by gender/affiliation.) On 29 April 2022, a local activist and citizen journalist from Feodosiia vanished from sight while returning from work in Koktebel. On the same day, her parents’ house was searched by six Federal Security Bureau (FSB) agents. When the father questioned them about his daughter, one of the officers responded that she was detained for “handing non-classified information to a foreign country” and declined to reveal where she was being held. In the following days, the victim’s relatives went to the location where she was taken and collected closed circuit television (CCTV) footage from a nearby gas station. In the video, the activist was forced into a car by three men. Despite the relatives’ request, the local police did not review the footage. On 7 May 2022, the victim’s lawyer was able to ascertain that she was being held in an unofficial place, where officers interrogated her and pressured her to confess to a crime and sign a self-incriminating statement without the presence of legal representation.
Arbitrary detention is the violation of the right to liberty. It refers to the act of apprehending and taking away a person’s freedom without following nationally recognized laws or international standards. When someone is detained arbitrarily, they are deprived of means to defend themselves from extrajudicial execution, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, etc. Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights specifies the circumstances that make detention arbitrary. 1. The grounds for the arrest are illegal. 2. The procedural rights of the victim were not respected. 3. The victim was not informed of the reasons for the arrest. 4. The victim was not brought before a judge within a reasonable amount of time. Reports of civilians who were held by Russian armed forces or went missing appeared shortly after the Russian Federation launched its full-scale military attack against Ukraine on 24 February, 2022. Meanwhile, the number of conflict-related detentions increased in several areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, according to data provided by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). Between 24 February 2022 and 23 May 2023, OHCHR documented 864 cases of arbitrary detention by Russian armed forces. A significant number of these cases also amount to enforced disappearances. (Chart: ARBITRARY DETENTIONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, DOCUMENTED BY OHCHR*, from 24 February 2022 to 23 May 2023. Shows data by month of initial apprehension and by gender/affiliation.) On 29 April 2022, a local activist and citizen journalist from Feodosiia vanished from sight while returning from work in Koktebel. On the same day, her parents’ house was searched by six Federal Security Bureau (FSB) agents. When the father questioned them about his daughter, one of the officers responded that she was detained for “handing non-classified information to a foreign country” and declined to reveal where she was being held. In the following days, the victim’s relatives went to the location where she was taken and collected closed circuit television (CCTV) footage from a nearby gas station. In the video, the activist was forced into a car by three men. Despite the relatives’ request, the local police did not review the footage. On 7 May 2022, the victim’s lawyer was able to ascertain that she was being held in an unofficial place, where officers interrogated her and pressured her to confess to a crime and sign a self-incriminating statement without the presence of legal representation.
28. According to the statistics about arbitrary detention by the Russian Federation, which of the following statements is true?
(A) The majority of people who are detained arbitrarily are women instead of men.
(B) Public officials make up the majority of those who have suffered arbitrary detentions.
(C) Since the beginning of the Ukraine war, there has been a significant rise in arbitrary detentions.
(D) In October 2022, there was a peak in the number of arbitrary detentions, indicating a notable increase during that period.
- A The majority of people who are detained arbitrarily are women instead of men.
- B Public officials make up the majority of those who have suffered arbitrary detentions.
- C Since the beginning of the Ukraine war, there has been a significant rise in arbitrary detentions.
- D In October 2022, there was a peak in the number of arbitrary detentions, indicating a notable increase during that period.
思路引導 VIP
請同學檢視文本中關於 $2022$ 年 $2$ 月 $24$ 日軍事行動開始後的數據描述段落，分析文中如何界定「衝突相關拘留」（conflict-related detentions）案件數量的發展態勢？從量化統計的角度來看，作者用了哪個關鍵動詞來描述這 $864$ 宗案例在戰爭期間的變動趨勢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
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