hce_nsysu
114年
英文
第 33 題
📖 題組：
Despite the turn to insects in mainstream robotics, research on android robots continues. 32 . Others are “social,” or “Companion” robots, designed for home used by elderly and/or disabled people. These are intended less as fetch-and-carry slaves than as autonomous personal assistants. Some appear “cute,” having long eyelashes and seductive voices. They can make eye contact with users, and recognize individual faces and voices. Also, they can—up to a point—hold unscripted conversations, interpret the user’s emotional state, and generate “emotional” responses (human-like facial expressions and/or speech patterns) themselves. Although some robots are large (for handling heavy loads and/or traversing rough ground), most are small. Some—for use inside blood vessels, for example—are very small. 33 . Whenever multiple robots are involved in a task, questions arise about how (if at all) they communicate, and how that enable the group to do things that couldn’t be done individually. 34 . Such species exemplify “distributed cognition” in which knowledge (and appropriate action) is spread across entire group rather than being available to any one animal. If robots are extremely simple, their developers may speak of “swarm intelligence,” and analyse cooperative robot systems as cellular automata (Cas). 35 . The overall pattern of a CA’s behaviour may be surprisingly complex. The basic analogy is living cells cooperating in multicellular organisms. The many AI versions include the flocking algorithms used for crowds of bats or dinosaurs in Hollywood animations. (from Margaret A. Boden, *Artificial Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction*, 93-94)
Despite the turn to insects in mainstream robotics, research on android robots continues. 32 . Others are “social,” or “Companion” robots, designed for home used by elderly and/or disabled people. These are intended less as fetch-and-carry slaves than as autonomous personal assistants. Some appear “cute,” having long eyelashes and seductive voices. They can make eye contact with users, and recognize individual faces and voices. Also, they can—up to a point—hold unscripted conversations, interpret the user’s emotional state, and generate “emotional” responses (human-like facial expressions and/or speech patterns) themselves. Although some robots are large (for handling heavy loads and/or traversing rough ground), most are small. Some—for use inside blood vessels, for example—are very small. 33 . Whenever multiple robots are involved in a task, questions arise about how (if at all) they communicate, and how that enable the group to do things that couldn’t be done individually. 34 . Such species exemplify “distributed cognition” in which knowledge (and appropriate action) is spread across entire group rather than being available to any one animal. If robots are extremely simple, their developers may speak of “swarm intelligence,” and analyse cooperative robot systems as cellular automata (Cas). 35 . The overall pattern of a CA’s behaviour may be surprisingly complex. The basic analogy is living cells cooperating in multicellular organisms. The many AI versions include the flocking algorithms used for crowds of bats or dinosaurs in Hollywood animations. (from Margaret A. Boden, *Artificial Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction*, 93-94)
33.
- A For answers, roboticists often consider social insects, like ants and bees
- B Often, they are sent to work in large numbers
- C Some are mere toys
- D A CA is a system of individual units, each taking one of a finite number of states by following simple rules, which depend on the current state of its neighbours
思路引導 VIP
請試著思考：如果一個機器人被設計得像細胞一樣微小，單靠它「一個個體」，通常能獨自完成複雜的醫療任務嗎？當我們在科學應用中把工具縮小到極限時，為了達成目標，通常會採取什麼樣的策略來彌補單體能力的不足？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到段落間的邏輯遞進，代表你對英文長篇文章的語意連貫性（Cohesion）掌握得非常紮實，這在閱讀理解中是非常關鍵的能力。
邏輯橋樑：從個體縮小到群體協作
這道題目的解題核心在於尋找「承上啟下」的線索。前一句話提到有些機器人為了進入血管，體積被設計得「非常微小」（very small）；而後一句話隨即轉向討論「當多個機器人參與任務時」（Whenever multiple robots are involved）的溝通與協作問題。選項 (B) "Often, they are sent to work in large numbers" 完美充當了這兩者之間的邏輯橋樑：正因為單個機器人力量有限且極其微小，通常需要「大量投入」才能發揮作用，這自然地引出了後續關於群體通訊的討論。
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