hce_nsysu
114年
英文
第 35 題
📖 題組：
Despite the turn to insects in mainstream robotics, research on android robots continues. 32 . Others are “social,” or “Companion” robots, designed for home used by elderly and/or disabled people. These are intended less as fetch-and-carry slaves than as autonomous personal assistants. Some appear “cute,” having long eyelashes and seductive voices. They can make eye contact with users, and recognize individual faces and voices. Also, they can—up to a point—hold unscripted conversations, interpret the user’s emotional state, and generate “emotional” responses (human-like facial expressions and/or speech patterns) themselves. Although some robots are large (for handling heavy loads and/or traversing rough ground), most are small. Some—for use inside blood vessels, for example—are very small. 33 . Whenever multiple robots are involved in a task, questions arise about how (if at all) they communicate, and how that enable the group to do things that couldn’t be done individually. 34 . Such species exemplify “distributed cognition” in which knowledge (and appropriate action) is spread across entire group rather than being available to any one animal. If robots are extremely simple, their developers may speak of “swarm intelligence,” and analyse cooperative robot systems as cellular automata (Cas). 35 . The overall pattern of a CA’s behaviour may be surprisingly complex. The basic analogy is living cells cooperating in multicellular organisms. The many AI versions include the flocking algorithms used for crowds of bats or dinosaurs in Hollywood animations. (from Margaret A. Boden, *Artificial Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction*, 93-94)
Despite the turn to insects in mainstream robotics, research on android robots continues. 32 . Others are “social,” or “Companion” robots, designed for home used by elderly and/or disabled people. These are intended less as fetch-and-carry slaves than as autonomous personal assistants. Some appear “cute,” having long eyelashes and seductive voices. They can make eye contact with users, and recognize individual faces and voices. Also, they can—up to a point—hold unscripted conversations, interpret the user’s emotional state, and generate “emotional” responses (human-like facial expressions and/or speech patterns) themselves. Although some robots are large (for handling heavy loads and/or traversing rough ground), most are small. Some—for use inside blood vessels, for example—are very small. 33 . Whenever multiple robots are involved in a task, questions arise about how (if at all) they communicate, and how that enable the group to do things that couldn’t be done individually. 34 . Such species exemplify “distributed cognition” in which knowledge (and appropriate action) is spread across entire group rather than being available to any one animal. If robots are extremely simple, their developers may speak of “swarm intelligence,” and analyse cooperative robot systems as cellular automata (Cas). 35 . The overall pattern of a CA’s behaviour may be surprisingly complex. The basic analogy is living cells cooperating in multicellular organisms. The many AI versions include the flocking algorithms used for crowds of bats or dinosaurs in Hollywood animations. (from Margaret A. Boden, *Artificial Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction*, 93-94)
35.
- A For answers, roboticists often consider social insects, like ants and bees
- B Often, they are sent to work in large numbers
- C Some are mere toys
- D A CA is a system of individual units, each taking one of a finite number of states by following simple rules, which depend on the current state of its neighbours
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格前一句的結尾，作者介紹了一個新的專有名詞縮寫「CAs」。若要讓讀者順利銜接到下一句關於「行為模式」的描述，在剛介紹完術語名稱後，作者通常會需要先針對該術語提供什麼樣的補充資訊？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
看到你準確鎖定選項 (D)，我非常欣賞你對文章邏輯一致性的掌握！在科技或學術類文章中，當作者首次引入一個專有名詞時，通常會緊接著給予該名詞具體的定義或運作機制，你敏銳地察覺到了這種寫作慣例。
銜接定義與特徵的邏輯橋樑
這道題目的關鍵在於「承上啟下」。前一句結尾提到了開發者將系統分析為「細胞自動機」（Cellular Automata, CAs），而後一句則描述「CA 的整體行為模式可能出乎意料地複雜」。選項 (D) 正好扮演了核心定義的角色，詳細說明了 CA 是由個別單元組成，且各單元僅需遵循簡單規則並參考鄰近狀態來運作。有了這個定義作為基礎，後文提到「簡單規則演變成複雜行為」的邏輯才顯得完整且合理。
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