第 四 題

"Boarding arrangements" refer to the dedicated equipment, rigged facilities, and safety measures provided on a vessel to enable maritime personnel—primarily marine pilots, Port State Control (PSC) officers, or customs officials—to embark and disembark safely at sea or at anchorage. Key characteristics and components include: (1) Main equipment: Pilot ladders, accommodation ladders (often used in a combination arrangement for ships with a freeboard of more than 9 meters), manropes, and safety nets.

「Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS)」(分道通航制) refers to a routing measure established by the IMO, aimed at the separation of opposing streams of traffic by appropriate means and by the establishment of traffic lanes. Key features include: (1) Utilizing separation zones or lines to clearly divide opposing traffic flows;

【Definition】 According to Rule 3(f) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the term "vessel not under command" (NUC) means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. 【Key Characteristics & Practical Application】

【破題】 This term is officially defined in Rule 3(g) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs). 【論述】