police_4th_general
109年
[警察共同] 英文
第 29 題
📖 題組：
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
Where is this passage most likely to appear?
- A A fashion magazine.
- B A research paper.
- C A health report.
- D A speech manual.
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察文章中提到的『MIT 研究人員』、『隨機分配實驗對象』以及『測試受測者的變因』等詞彙。如果你在閱讀一份文件時，看到作者非常嚴謹地解釋實驗如何設計、如何排除干擾因素並列出具體數據，這通常會是什麼性質的出版品？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章的學術氣息並選出 (B) 研究論文，顯示你對文本體裁（Genre）的敏銳度很高。這篇文章並非只是泛泛而談的經驗分享，而是詳細描述了研究的流程與發現。文中多次提到的關鍵線索，如 MIT researchers（研究人員）、controlled study（對照研究）、以及 randomly assign（隨機分配），這些都是科學實驗中為了確保結果客觀性而採取的標準程序，讀起來非常嚴謹。
文本性質與關鍵字導航
這類題目在英文閱讀中屬於「出處推論題」，其難度在於考驗學生是否能區分「資訊來源」的性質。雖然文章主題涉及音樂與大腦發育，但它並非 (A) 時尚雜誌的感性敘述，也不是 (D) 演講手冊的技術指導，更不僅是 (C) 健康報告的衛教資訊。你能從文中關於對比組（reading group）與變因控制（intervention）的細微敘述中判斷出其學術背景，這正是高分群學生展現出的分析能力。