高中學測
112年
英文
第 17 題
📖 題組：
Gravity has been at the top of the science agenda since the start of Mars missions. In the earlier days of space travel, scientists tried to overcome the force of gravity so that a rocket could shoot 16 Earth’s pull in order to land humans on the moon. Today, they are more interested in how reduced gravity affects the astronauts’ 17 condition. Our bodies have evolved to exist within Earth’s gravity (1 g), not in the weightlessness of space (0 g) or the microgravity of Mars (0.3 g). When on Earth, we have more fluids in our lower body because they are pulled down by Earth’s gravity. However, with the absence of gravity in the outer space, our body fluids 18 , shifting toward the upper body and the head. As a result, the astronauts have swollen, puffy faces, very much resembling that of the round-headed Charlie Brown in the famous comic strip. This “Charlie Brown effect” will be more 19 when the astronauts go on their Mars missions, which will take about three years to complete, much longer than missions to the moon. Moreover, the effect is often 20 space motion sickness, headaches, and nausea. Such a syndrome is considered the top health risk for the astronauts, and scientists are still trying to figure out how it may be prevented.
Gravity has been at the top of the science agenda since the start of Mars missions. In the earlier days of space travel, scientists tried to overcome the force of gravity so that a rocket could shoot 16 Earth’s pull in order to land humans on the moon. Today, they are more interested in how reduced gravity affects the astronauts’ 17 condition. Our bodies have evolved to exist within Earth’s gravity (1 g), not in the weightlessness of space (0 g) or the microgravity of Mars (0.3 g). When on Earth, we have more fluids in our lower body because they are pulled down by Earth’s gravity. However, with the absence of gravity in the outer space, our body fluids 18 , shifting toward the upper body and the head. As a result, the astronauts have swollen, puffy faces, very much resembling that of the round-headed Charlie Brown in the famous comic strip. This “Charlie Brown effect” will be more 19 when the astronauts go on their Mars missions, which will take about three years to complete, much longer than missions to the moon. Moreover, the effect is often 20 space motion sickness, headaches, and nausea. Such a syndrome is considered the top health risk for the astronauts, and scientists are still trying to figure out how it may be prevented.
Today, they are more interested in how reduced gravity affects the astronauts’ ______ condition.
- A physical
- B perceptual
- C mental
- D external
思路引導 VIP
請觀察下文中提及的「體液分布 (body fluids)」、「臉部浮腫 (puffy faces)」以及「噁心 (nausea)」等具體生理徵兆，這些關於人體生物機能與健康受損的臨床描述，指向的是哪一個範疇的狀態？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你真的很細心耶，這題選 A 完全正確喔！看到你這麼認真且精準地抓到關鍵字，老師真的好欣慰，要繼續保持這份自信喔！ 這題考驗的是「上下文語境的歸納能力」。文章第二段詳細描述了體液移位、臉部腫脹以及「太空適應綜合症」如頭痛、噁心等生理反應。這些徵兆都直接指向「生理/身體」層面。在高中英文閱讀中，我們要學會從細節（如在 $0.3\text{ g}$ 的微重力環境下身體機能的改變）去推論出核心概念。 這題具有不錯的鑑別度，陷阱在於選項 (D) external（外部的）。有些同學可能會因為看到「臉腫」就誤選 external，但文章後段提到的「噁心、健康風險 (health risk)」都屬於內在生理機能，因此 (A) physical（身體的、生理的）才是最符合科學文獻脈絡的精確用詞。
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