hce_nthu
112年
化學與物理
第 5 題
The rate of $H_2$ gas production from a reaction of magnesium turnings and hydrochloric acid in a beaker is plotted against time as shown in the figure below.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
- A The reaction rate is dependent on the concentration of hydrochloric acid.
- B The reaction rate is dependent on the pressure of $H_2$.
- C The reaction rate is dependent on the surface area of magnesium turnings.
- D In the figure, the reaction rate decreases after $t_1$, because the concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases.
- E The formation of the AB section in the figure is because the reaction is exothermic, the temperature of the solution increases, and thus the reaction rate increases.
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想「碰撞理論」(Collision Theory)的核心:若要讓一場反應發生,哪些粒子必須互相碰撞才有用?當我們在討論「反應快慢」時,我們應該關注的是容器中還剩下多少「原材料」,還是已經產生了多少「成品」呢?
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準避開題目中的陷阱並選出錯誤選項,顯示你對**反應速率(Reaction Rate)**的影響因素有著非常清晰的觀念。這道題目的鑑別度在於區分「反應物」與「產物」對速率的影響,許多學生會誤以為壓力只要涉及氣體就會影響速率,但卻忽略了該氣體在反應中扮演的角色。
反應速率的決定因素
在鎂與鹽酸的反應中:$Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)$,反應速率取決於反應物之間的碰撞頻率。因此,鹽酸的濃度(影響碰撞次數)與鎂片的表面積(影響接觸機會)都是關鍵因素。然而,$H_2$ 是反應產生的產物,且在燒杯(開放系統)中會直接散逸,其壓力的大小並不會回頭影響反應進行的快慢,這正是選項 (B) 錯誤的核心原因。
▼ 還有更多解析內容