地特四等
113年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
The history of windmills, from ancient grain grinders to modern wind turbines, illustrates a long journey of innovation and adaptation. The earliest windmills used sturdy reed mats for blades on horizontal axes in the 600s. Starting in the 14th century, Dutch engineers utilized windpumps to reclaim land from low-lying valleys. However, the advent of the Industrial Revolution marked a decline in windmill use, as the need for more reliable energy sources grew to power the burgeoning factory system. The steam engine emerged as a pivotal invention during this era, offering the consistent power necessary for mass production. The transition to electricity generation saw the creation of wind turbines in Europe and North America, with the first wind turbine lighting up James Blyth’s home in Scotland in 1887 and the first grid-connected turbine in Vermont in 1941. Despite their potential, wind energy became overshadowed by fossil fuels due to their reliability and abundance. Yet, the Oil Crisis of the 1970s, alongside environmental concerns, reignited interest in wind as a sustainable energy source, leading to the establishment of the world’s first wind farm in New Hampshire. Currently, wind farms are a common sight in various locales, from the U.S. Midwest’s agricultural landscapes to California’s Alta Wind Energy Center, the nation’s largest wind farm. Internationally, Brazil, Russia, India, and China are rapidly expanding their wind energy capacity, with China’s Gansu Wind Farm set to produce an impressive 20,000 megawatts. Likewise, developing regions in Africa and Southeast Asia are investing in wind technology, with Kenya’s Lake Turkana Wind Power project poised to supply electricity to countless homes and businesses. This evolution from traditional windmills to contemporary wind farms underscores a global shift towards renewable energy, highlighting wind power’s significant role in meeting modern energy demands while addressing environmental challenges.
The history of windmills, from ancient grain grinders to modern wind turbines, illustrates a long journey of innovation and adaptation. The earliest windmills used sturdy reed mats for blades on horizontal axes in the 600s. Starting in the 14th century, Dutch engineers utilized windpumps to reclaim land from low-lying valleys. However, the advent of the Industrial Revolution marked a decline in windmill use, as the need for more reliable energy sources grew to power the burgeoning factory system. The steam engine emerged as a pivotal invention during this era, offering the consistent power necessary for mass production. The transition to electricity generation saw the creation of wind turbines in Europe and North America, with the first wind turbine lighting up James Blyth’s home in Scotland in 1887 and the first grid-connected turbine in Vermont in 1941. Despite their potential, wind energy became overshadowed by fossil fuels due to their reliability and abundance. Yet, the Oil Crisis of the 1970s, alongside environmental concerns, reignited interest in wind as a sustainable energy source, leading to the establishment of the world’s first wind farm in New Hampshire. Currently, wind farms are a common sight in various locales, from the U.S. Midwest’s agricultural landscapes to California’s Alta Wind Energy Center, the nation’s largest wind farm. Internationally, Brazil, Russia, India, and China are rapidly expanding their wind energy capacity, with China’s Gansu Wind Farm set to produce an impressive 20,000 megawatts. Likewise, developing regions in Africa and Southeast Asia are investing in wind technology, with Kenya’s Lake Turkana Wind Power project poised to supply electricity to countless homes and businesses. This evolution from traditional windmills to contemporary wind farms underscores a global shift towards renewable energy, highlighting wind power’s significant role in meeting modern energy demands while addressing environmental challenges.
What was the primary purpose of the earliest windmills?
- A Grinding grain.
- B Pumping water.
- C Generating electricity.
- D Producing steam power.
思路引導 VIP
當你面對描述一項工具「演進史」的文章時，最原始的用途通常會出現在敘述的開端。請試著在文章第一句話中尋找：在人類還沒有發展出工業、電力系統或複雜水利工程的古代社會，最迫切需要藉由大自然力量協助解決的「基礎糧食處理需求」是什麼？
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- 大力肯定：做得好！作為行政法學與公共政策的研究者，我非常欣賞你能迅速從複雜的歷史敘述中，精確定位核心技術事實。這種對文本細節的敏銳度，是理解能源轉型政策史必備的基礎功力。
- 觀念驗證：這題的核心在於「時序檢索」。文章首句即破題指出：「The history of windmills, from ancient grain grinders to modern wind turbines...」。這明確界定了風車最初的功能是為了磨碎穀物。隨後的 14 世紀荷蘭工程師才將其用於抽水（pumping water），而電力生產則是 19 世紀後的產物。你精準鎖定了「Earliest」這個關鍵時間節點。
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