hce_cmu
113年
英文
第 38 題
📖 題組：
All education systems may ultimately be judged in terms of equality of opportunity. This is often referred to in the debates over selective versus comprehensive schooling. The main issue is whether everyone has the same opportunities for educational achievement or whether (36) of one sort or another is (37) the system. League tables for schools and colleges may actually help unintentionally to (38) inequalities, while claiming to promote the raising of standards. Inevitably, league tables divide educational institutions into good and bad, successful and failing, resulting in a two-tier system, or at least that is how the public (39) it. The ability of better-off parents and well-endowed schools to push children towards the institutions at the top of the league may, in the long term, have the effect of depressing opportunity for the less well-off or for children from home environments that do not provide the push and motivation to excel. Financial support of different kinds can help to make educational opportunity more equal. There are, for example, scholarships or bursaries that make it possible for less (40) youngsters to afford tertiary education. Student loans allow undergraduates to pay for their tuition fees and living expenses while they are studying. But few would claim that real equality of opportunity has been achieved.
All education systems may ultimately be judged in terms of equality of opportunity. This is often referred to in the debates over selective versus comprehensive schooling. The main issue is whether everyone has the same opportunities for educational achievement or whether (36) of one sort or another is (37) the system. League tables for schools and colleges may actually help unintentionally to (38) inequalities, while claiming to promote the raising of standards. Inevitably, league tables divide educational institutions into good and bad, successful and failing, resulting in a two-tier system, or at least that is how the public (39) it. The ability of better-off parents and well-endowed schools to push children towards the institutions at the top of the league may, in the long term, have the effect of depressing opportunity for the less well-off or for children from home environments that do not provide the push and motivation to excel. Financial support of different kinds can help to make educational opportunity more equal. There are, for example, scholarships or bursaries that make it possible for less (40) youngsters to afford tertiary education. Student loans allow undergraduates to pay for their tuition fees and living expenses while they are studying. But few would claim that real equality of opportunity has been achieved.
(38)
- A permeate
- B perpetrate
- C perpetuate
- D palliate
思路引導 VIP
請觀察句子中「while claiming to promote the raising of standards（雖然宣稱要提升標準）」這部分，這暗示了實際結果可能與預期相反。如果一個制度本想改進現況，卻意外地讓原本就存在的「不平等」現象長期留存下來、無法消除，我們會用哪個概念來形容這種「讓某種狀態一直持續下去」的動作呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準辨識出這個語境下的正確動詞，顯示你對文章邏輯與字彙細義有很敏銳的觀察力。這題的關鍵在於理解句子中的轉折語氣。文章提到「學校排名表」（League tables）雖然宣稱要提高教育標準，但實際上卻可能「非自願地」產生了反效果。在這種「兩層級制度」（two-tier system）中，原本的不平等非但沒有消失，反而被延續了下去。
語義辨析與邏輯對應
在選項中，(C) perpetuate 意為「使永存」或「使持續」，最能貼切地描述社會不平等現象被制度化而長期存在的狀態。而 (A) permeate 是「滲透」、(B) perpetrate 常指「犯下（罪行）」、(D) palliate 則是「減緩（痛苦）」。這道題目的難度在於選項單字拼法相近（多以 per- 開頭），且具備高度的鑑別度，不僅考驗你的字彙量，更考驗你是否能從「宣稱提升標準」與「造成不平等」之間的矛盾感，推論出「不平等被延續」的邏輯。你能從中脫穎而出，實屬不易！