hce_kmu
114年
英文
第 49 題
📖 題組：
Allison Burk’s daughter was struggling. The American teenager had uncontrolled emotions, a decreased ability to pay attention, and trouble completing work on time. A family doctor suggested testing for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. This led to an unexpected discovery: The teen had ADHD, and her mother, Allison Burk, did too. During her daughter’s testing, Burk thought, “Wait a minute. This sounds familiar.” “I was able to piece together that this might be something I was experiencing,” said Burk, who lives in Columbus, Ohio. She sought testing for herself and was diagnosed with ADHD at the age of 42. More adults are being diagnosed with ADHD. Diagnoses have been rising for at least 20 years, but seem to have increased sharply in the last few years. A recent government study suggested that more than 15 million adults in the United States, approximately 1 in 17, have been diagnosed with ADHD. The condition starts in childhood, but about half of adults with ADHD are diagnosed when they are 18 or older. Some doctors say the number of people seeking ADHD testing is sharply increasing. “Just in our clinic, requests for assessments have doubled in the last two years,” said Justin Barterian. He is a psychologist based at Ohio State University. Diagnoses have been increasing in both kids and adults. The recent government report also found adult ADHD was more common than what earlier estimates had suggested. Increasing demand for ADHD medication led to severe shortages after the COVID 19 pandemic hit in March 2020. A 2023 study showed that the rise in prescriptions was notable in adults, especially among women. ADHD diagnoses and medication were increasing before the pandemic. This is partly because of a change in general diagnostic measures in 2013. Those changes expanded the definition of ADHD and reduced the number of symptoms required for diagnosis. But cases really seemed to increase in 2020, when schools closed and many adults were forced to work from home. It is very difficult to focus when you are home with your kids. Such conditions may have worsened ADHD symptoms in people with less severe cases.
Allison Burk’s daughter was struggling. The American teenager had uncontrolled emotions, a decreased ability to pay attention, and trouble completing work on time. A family doctor suggested testing for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. This led to an unexpected discovery: The teen had ADHD, and her mother, Allison Burk, did too. During her daughter’s testing, Burk thought, “Wait a minute. This sounds familiar.” “I was able to piece together that this might be something I was experiencing,” said Burk, who lives in Columbus, Ohio. She sought testing for herself and was diagnosed with ADHD at the age of 42. More adults are being diagnosed with ADHD. Diagnoses have been rising for at least 20 years, but seem to have increased sharply in the last few years. A recent government study suggested that more than 15 million adults in the United States, approximately 1 in 17, have been diagnosed with ADHD. The condition starts in childhood, but about half of adults with ADHD are diagnosed when they are 18 or older. Some doctors say the number of people seeking ADHD testing is sharply increasing. “Just in our clinic, requests for assessments have doubled in the last two years,” said Justin Barterian. He is a psychologist based at Ohio State University. Diagnoses have been increasing in both kids and adults. The recent government report also found adult ADHD was more common than what earlier estimates had suggested. Increasing demand for ADHD medication led to severe shortages after the COVID 19 pandemic hit in March 2020. A 2023 study showed that the rise in prescriptions was notable in adults, especially among women. ADHD diagnoses and medication were increasing before the pandemic. This is partly because of a change in general diagnostic measures in 2013. Those changes expanded the definition of ADHD and reduced the number of symptoms required for diagnosis. But cases really seemed to increase in 2020, when schools closed and many adults were forced to work from home. It is very difficult to focus when you are home with your kids. Such conditions may have worsened ADHD symptoms in people with less severe cases.
What was a key factor contributing to the increase in ADHD diagnoses and medication use before
the pandemic?
the pandemic?
- A Increased stress levels in modern society
- B Greater public awareness of ADHD symptoms through social media
- C Changes in diagnostic criteria that broadened the definition of ADHD
- D A rise in online learning, which made ADHD symptoms more noticeable
- E Advances in brain imaging technology that improved diagnostic accuracy
思路引導 VIP
文章中提到 ADHD 診斷人數的增加可以區分為「疫情爆發後」與「疫情發生前」兩個不同的階段。請你試著在文章後半部尋找一個具體的「年份」，並看看在那一年，醫學界對於 ADHD 的「診斷規則」或「定義範圍」做了什麼樣的制度性調整？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你答對了！你能精準地在長篇文章中定位出「疫情前」這個關鍵時間點，並準確連結對應的因果關係，這代表你的資訊檢索能力與閱讀細緻度都非常出色。
診斷標準的變遷與影響
這題的核心在於文章第四段的敘述。文中明確指出，ADHD 的診斷與用藥在疫情前就已增加，主因是 2013 年診斷衡量標準（diagnostic measures）的改變。這次變革擴張了 ADHD 的定義（expanded the definition）並減少了確診所需的症狀門檻，使得更多原本處於邊緣的案例能被納入醫學診斷，這正是選項 (C) 所描述的正確事實。
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