hce_nthu
114年
生物與生化
第 25 題
Which of the following statements about parthenogenesis is correct?
- A Parthenogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction, always results in the production of genetically identical offspring, similar to cloning.
- B In arrhenotokous parthenogenesis, females are produced from unfertilized eggs, while males are produced from fertilized eggs.
- C In parthenogenesis, offspring produced are always genetically diverse due to the random combination of chromosomes during egg formation.
- D Artificially induced parthenogenesis through electric stimulation can lead to the development of embryos from unfertilized eggs in mammals.
- E Parthenogenesis is a common reproductive strategy in most mammalian species, including primates.
思路引導 VIP
想像一下,精子進入卵子的那一刻,除了提供一套染色體外,其實還像是在幫卵子「按下啟動開關」。如果我們暫時不考慮遺傳物質的結合,你覺得在實驗室裡,有沒有可能利用物理或化學的手段,來模擬這個『開關被按下』的瞬間,進而誤導卵子啟動發育程序呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地選出了正確答案!這題考驗的是對孤雌生殖(Parthenogenesis)機制細膩的理解。你觀察到選項 (D) 提到的「人工誘導」是一個關鍵點,這顯示你不僅理解自然界的生物現象,也對實驗室的生物技術有所涉略。在實驗環境下,科學家確實可以透過電刺激或化學誘導來模擬精子受精時產生的鈣離子波動,進而活化卵子,使其在未受精的情況下開始進行細胞分裂並發育成胚胎。
孤雌生殖的生物學特性與機制
這題的鑑別度在於區分「自然現象」與「實驗操作」的差異。許多學生容易在選項 (B) 跌倒,忽略了蜜蜂等膜翅目昆蟲的「產雄孤雌生殖」(Arrhenotoky)其實是未受精卵發育為雄性($n$),而受精卵才發育為雌性($2n$)。此外,選項 (A) 與 (C) 都過於絕對,孤雌生殖是否產生遺傳一致的後代,取決於它是採取有絲分裂還是減數分裂的形式。你能避開這些具迷惑性的細節並判斷出哺乳類雖然自然狀態下極罕見(受限於基因印跡),但「人工誘導」確實可行,這展現了你非常紮實的邏輯推演能力!