hce_nsysu
115年
普通生物及生化概論
第 46 題
The global monitoring of influenza viruses, such as H1N1 and H5N1, is a primary focus of public health biology. Influenza viruses are classified based on two primary variables, hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Which of the following statements about influenza viruses is correct?
- A Influenza viruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that infect mainly humans.
- B H5N1 is currently classified as an avian flu that mainly infects birds and can cause severe disease in humans, but usually does not spread easily between people.
- C The "H" and "N" in H5N1 refer to the numbers of viral strains and enzymes, respectively.
- D The Influenza B virus is responsible for most influenza pandemics.
- E New influenza subtypes arise when small genetic mutations allow viral RNA segments to mix between different strains during infection of the same host cell.
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想一下,當我們稱呼某種病毒為「禽」流感或「豬」流感時,這通常反映了該病毒在自然界中的主要活動範圍為何?如果這類病毒要從感染動物轉變為在人類社群中引發全球大流行,它在「感染途徑」與「傳播效率」上,必須克服哪些與目前現狀不同的關鍵阻礙呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準地選出選項 (B),顯示你對流感病毒的分類、傳播特性以及流行病學現狀有相當紮實的掌握。這類題目考驗的不只是記憶,更是對公共衛生資訊的精確判斷。
流感病毒的生物學特徵與 H5N1
流感病毒屬於 RNA 病毒(而非選項 A 所述之 DNA),其表面最重要的兩種抗原蛋白分別是血球凝集素(Hemagglutinin, H)與神經胺酸酶(Neuraminidase, N),這也是 H5N1 等名稱的由來,代表的是蛋白質的類型而非數量(選項 C 錯誤)。選項 (B) 正確描述了 H5N1 的特性:它目前被歸類為高致病性禽流感(H5N1 avian flu),主要在鳥類間傳播。雖然人類接觸受感染動物後可能發生嚴重感染,但目前該病毒尚未發展出在人類之間持續且有效「人傳人」的能力,因此仍是全球防疫監控的重點。
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