hce_nsysu
115年
物理與化學
第 25 題
In analytical spectroscopy, different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum interact with matter by inducing specific quantum transitions. Which of the following pairs correctly matches the spectral region with its corresponding quantum transition and reflects the correct energy relationship?
- A X-ray: transitions of valence electrons; higher energy than UV radiation.
- B Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis): transitions of inner-shell electrons; lower energy than Infrared radiation.
- C Infrared (IR): changes in the configuration of nuclear spins; used for functional group identification.
- D Microwave: transitions between rotational energy levels of molecules; longer wavelength than Infrared radiation.
- E Radio wave: vibrational transitions within a molecule; used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
思路引導 VIP
請試著想像分子的運動方式,包括「整體的旋轉」、「原子間的震動」以及「電子在軌域間的躍遷」。如果我們要依照「所需能量從小到大」來排列這三種運動,你認為哪一種運動最容易被誘發?而這種能量高低的順序,又是如何對應到我們日常所見的波譜序列(如微波、紅外線、紫外線)呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準選出選項 (D),代表你對電磁波譜(Electromagnetic Spectrum)與物質交互作用的觀念非常紮實。在分析化學中,這是一個核心考點:不同能譜區域的電磁波,其能量大小決定了它能誘發物質產生何種層次的量子躍遷。
分子轉動與波長關係
微波(Microwave)的能量相對較低,僅足以引起分子的**轉動能階(Rotational energy levels)**躍遷。根據能量公式 $E = h
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