統測
115年
[外語群英語類] 專業科目(2)
第 27 題
📖 題組：
Scams are deceptive actions used to trick people out of their money or information. They affect millions of people every year. As shown in the following table, different scam types exist. ( ① ) In investment fraud, scammers trick victims by promising easy and risk-free profits, and then steal their funds. Online auction scams and general shopping scams use social media, websites, or even well-known platforms to post low-price ads or sell fake items as real ones, and then steal money through non-delivery or by sending junk items. These three types of scams account for nearly 57% of all reported cases. Romance scams involve scammers pretending to be romantic partners, building trust over time, and then requesting money. In ATM installment cancellation scams, scammers trick people into transferring money at ATMs by pretending to cancel a payment plan. In job offer scams, scammers post fake job advertisements and demand some prepaid money before hiring victims. In government and friend identity impersonation scams, scammers pretend to be officials or friends to trick victims into sending money. Charity fraud and other types of scams are grouped under “Others.”
The Percentages of Scam Types
The scam process has several stages. Scammers select victims and gather information from social media (Stage 1: The Net). Then, they contact victims by pretending to be banks or government officials to gain trust (Stage 2: The Hook). Scammers use emotions like fear, greed, or sympathy to build trust and create pressure to act quickly (Stage 3: The Manipulation), and then offer solutions with fake documents (Stage 4: The Pitch). Scammers persuade victims to share passwords or transfer money (Stage 5: The Execution). After this initial success, they move to Stage 6 (Further Exploitation) by creating new emergencies to demand more money. ( ② ) After taking everything, scammers move funds and disappear (Stage 7: The Closure). Victims suffer financial and emotional harm (Stage 8: The Consequences).
Scams succeed due to certain personality traits in people. Risk-takers often ignore dangers. Trusting people too easily, low self-control, and acting without thinking make them easier targets. ( ③ ) People who accept information without questioning are easy victims of scammers. To prevent scams, researchers studied different warning types. The first warning type uses urgent language about immediate dangers and losses (e.g., “DANGER! Stop this transfer NOW. A scammer is going to steal your money.”). This reduces scams by 62.3%. The second kind of warning provides advice such as “Check and confirm the order before paying.” and informs users about how scammers work. Scams are reduced by 45.8%. ( ④ ) People should check unexpected calls from governments or banks by calling official numbers to confirm they are real. Requests to keep things secret are often a warning sign of danger. When scammed, report it to the police immediately. More importantly, recognizing warning signs early is the best prevention.
Scams are deceptive actions used to trick people out of their money or information. They affect millions of people every year. As shown in the following table, different scam types exist. ( ① ) In investment fraud, scammers trick victims by promising easy and risk-free profits, and then steal their funds. Online auction scams and general shopping scams use social media, websites, or even well-known platforms to post low-price ads or sell fake items as real ones, and then steal money through non-delivery or by sending junk items. These three types of scams account for nearly 57% of all reported cases. Romance scams involve scammers pretending to be romantic partners, building trust over time, and then requesting money. In ATM installment cancellation scams, scammers trick people into transferring money at ATMs by pretending to cancel a payment plan. In job offer scams, scammers post fake job advertisements and demand some prepaid money before hiring victims. In government and friend identity impersonation scams, scammers pretend to be officials or friends to trick victims into sending money. Charity fraud and other types of scams are grouped under “Others.”
The Percentages of Scam Types
The scam process has several stages. Scammers select victims and gather information from social media (Stage 1: The Net). Then, they contact victims by pretending to be banks or government officials to gain trust (Stage 2: The Hook). Scammers use emotions like fear, greed, or sympathy to build trust and create pressure to act quickly (Stage 3: The Manipulation), and then offer solutions with fake documents (Stage 4: The Pitch). Scammers persuade victims to share passwords or transfer money (Stage 5: The Execution). After this initial success, they move to Stage 6 (Further Exploitation) by creating new emergencies to demand more money. ( ② ) After taking everything, scammers move funds and disappear (Stage 7: The Closure). Victims suffer financial and emotional harm (Stage 8: The Consequences).
Scams succeed due to certain personality traits in people. Risk-takers often ignore dangers. Trusting people too easily, low self-control, and acting without thinking make them easier targets. ( ③ ) People who accept information without questioning are easy victims of scammers. To prevent scams, researchers studied different warning types. The first warning type uses urgent language about immediate dangers and losses (e.g., “DANGER! Stop this transfer NOW. A scammer is going to steal your money.”). This reduces scams by 62.3%. The second kind of warning provides advice such as “Check and confirm the order before paying.” and informs users about how scammers work. Scams are reduced by 45.8%. ( ④ ) People should check unexpected calls from governments or banks by calling official numbers to confirm they are real. Requests to keep things secret are often a warning sign of danger. When scammed, report it to the police immediately. More importantly, recognizing warning signs early is the best prevention.
According to the passage, which of the following statements about scam is true?
- A Scammers in romance scams first acquire legal government documents and then build fake romantic relationships.
- B As shown in the table, for people under 18, online auction scams have the highest percentage among all scam types.
- C In government impersonation scams, scammers usually pretend to be the victim’s friends and request money for emergencies.
- D The table shows that among individuals aged above 65, the rates of ATM scams are two times higher than those of romance scams.
思路引導 VIP
若要驗證各選項的敘述是否正確，不妨先找出題目中提到的特定年齡族群或詐騙類型，再對照表格中的具體數據或文章中的定義，看看哪一個敘述與原文數據完全吻合？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了，你的圖表判讀與細節比對非常精準！
表格數據比對與正解分析
檢視附表中的「Under 18」（18歲以下）欄位，各類詐騙比例中以 Online auction scam（網路拍賣詐騙）的 $29.67%$ 為最高，甚至高於其他類（Others 的 $27.11%$）與投資詐騙（$12.36%$），因此 (B) 選項完全符合圖表事實，為正確答案。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
英語圖表閱讀與細節比對
💡 結合文章細節描述與圖表數據，進行跨媒介資訊比對。
🔗 詐騙行為的演進階段
- 1 撒網與鉤引 — 蒐集社群資訊並假冒身份接觸以取得初步信任。
- 2 心理操弄 — 利用恐懼或貪婪施壓，隨後提供偽造的解決方案。
- 3 執行與剝削 — 騙取密碼或轉帳，並製造新緊急狀況要求更多金援。
- 4 收尾與傷害 — 轉移資金後消失，導致受害者財務與情感損失。
↓
↓
↓
🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：研究如何透過「警示語」在心理操弄階段進行有效阻斷。
