第 一 題

「Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS)」(分道通航制) refers to a routing measure established by the IMO, aimed at the separation of opposing streams of traffic by appropriate means and by the establishment of traffic lanes. Key features include: (1) Utilizing separation zones or lines to clearly divide opposing traffic flows;

【Definition】 According to Rule 3(f) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the term "vessel not under command" (NUC) means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. 【Key Characteristics & Practical Application】

【破題】 This term is officially defined in Rule 3(g) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs). 【論述】

"Boarding arrangements" refer to the dedicated equipment, rigged facilities, and safety measures provided on a vessel to enable maritime personnel—primarily marine pilots, Port State Control (PSC) officers, or customs officials—to embark and disembark safely at sea or at anchorage. Key characteristics and components include: (1) Main equipment: Pilot ladders, accommodation ladders (often used in a combination arrangement for ships with a freeboard of more than 9 meters), manropes, and safety nets.