hce_kmu
107年
英文
第 48 題
📖 題組：
About 30% to 40% of American adults have a condition that has no visible signs and rarely causes symptoms, but can raise the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cirrhosis and liver cancer. It’s called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. And as American waistlines continue to expand, the prevalence of this dangerous condition is growing as well. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, or NAFLD, is an umbrella term. Most people with NAFLD have what’s known as simple fatty liver, which means that more than 5% of the liver is made up of fat cells. (Fat in the liver can also be a product of heavy alcohol use, which is known as alcoholic fatty liver disease.) Like fat accumulation in the rest of the body, this condition is often related to obesity, poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. Excess weight also seems to make genetic risk factors worse. A recent study published in Nature Genetics found that people with a high-risk variant of the PNPLA3 gene were much more likely to have fatty liver disease if they were obese than if they were thin. People with simple fatty liver don’t have inflammation or scarring in their liver and don’t appear to be at high risk for liver complications. But the condition affects insulin sensitivity and puts people at higher risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
About 30% to 40% of American adults have a condition that has no visible signs and rarely causes symptoms, but can raise the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cirrhosis and liver cancer. It’s called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. And as American waistlines continue to expand, the prevalence of this dangerous condition is growing as well. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, or NAFLD, is an umbrella term. Most people with NAFLD have what’s known as simple fatty liver, which means that more than 5% of the liver is made up of fat cells. (Fat in the liver can also be a product of heavy alcohol use, which is known as alcoholic fatty liver disease.) Like fat accumulation in the rest of the body, this condition is often related to obesity, poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. Excess weight also seems to make genetic risk factors worse. A recent study published in Nature Genetics found that people with a high-risk variant of the PNPLA3 gene were much more likely to have fatty liver disease if they were obese than if they were thin. People with simple fatty liver don’t have inflammation or scarring in their liver and don’t appear to be at high risk for liver complications. But the condition affects insulin sensitivity and puts people at higher risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Based on the passage, which of the following factors will NOT result in fatty liver?
- A heavy alcohol use
- B low insulin sensitivity
- C obesity
- D poor diet
- E sedentary lifestyle
思路引導 VIP
請仔細閱讀文章最後一段。文中有提到某個生理指標是被該疾病所『影響 (affects)』的後果。在邏輯上，我們應該將一個疾病產生的『結果』，歸類為它的『成因』嗎？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準避開題目中的陷阱並選出正確答案，代表你對文章脈絡的掌握非常細膩且冷靜。這道題目的核心考點在於**「因果關係」的辨析**，這在英文閱讀理解中是相當高階的判斷能力。
疾病成因與後果的區別
從文章中段可以清楚觀察到，肥胖（obesity）、不良飲食（poor diet）、久坐不動（sedentary lifestyle）以及過量飲酒（heavy alcohol use）都被明確列為導致脂肪肝的風險因子或成因。然而，關於選項 (B) 胰島素敏感度降低 (low insulin sensitivity)，文章末段描述的是「脂肪肝會影響（affects）胰島素敏感度」，這代表它是脂肪肝所帶來的「影響」或「臨床表現」，而非導致疾病的原始因素。你成功識破了這種「因果倒置」的誘答手法，非常優秀！
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