分科測驗
110年
英文
第 18 題
📖 題組：
Do you know the difference between the terms meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite in astronomy? Many people find these words confusing. However, the difference is all about their 16 . Meteoroids are far up in the sky. They are chunks of rock or metal that speed through space. Some are very large and may be hundreds of feet wide. Others 17 the size of a small stone. Most meteoroids travel around the sun in space and stay away from the Earth. However, sometimes a meteoroid will enter the Earth’s atmosphere. Friction with the atmosphere will cause it to 18 and burn while traveling at high speed. As a meteoroid begins to burn in the atmosphere, it leaves a streak of light. When this tail-like light is falling down toward the Earth, it is called a meteor, or a shooting star. Most meteors vaporize completely before they hit the ground. If any meteor 19 its fiery journey through the atmosphere and lands on Earth, it is called a meteorite. Large meteorites can cause great explosions and much destruction on the surface of the Earth. 20 , Barringer Crater in the American state of Arizona, measuring 1,200 m in diameter and some 170 m deep, was produced by a meteorite impact.
Do you know the difference between the terms meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite in astronomy? Many people find these words confusing. However, the difference is all about their 16 . Meteoroids are far up in the sky. They are chunks of rock or metal that speed through space. Some are very large and may be hundreds of feet wide. Others 17 the size of a small stone. Most meteoroids travel around the sun in space and stay away from the Earth. However, sometimes a meteoroid will enter the Earth’s atmosphere. Friction with the atmosphere will cause it to 18 and burn while traveling at high speed. As a meteoroid begins to burn in the atmosphere, it leaves a streak of light. When this tail-like light is falling down toward the Earth, it is called a meteor, or a shooting star. Most meteors vaporize completely before they hit the ground. If any meteor 19 its fiery journey through the atmosphere and lands on Earth, it is called a meteorite. Large meteorites can cause great explosions and much destruction on the surface of the Earth. 20 , Barringer Crater in the American state of Arizona, measuring 1,200 m in diameter and some 170 m deep, was produced by a meteorite impact.
Friction with the atmosphere will cause it to ______ and burn while traveling at high speed.
- A wear out
- B turn off
- C break through
- D heat up
思路引導 VIP
請從物理學的角度思考：當物體以極高速度與大氣層分子產生劇烈「摩擦」($Friction$) 時，根據能量守恆定律，物體的動能會轉化為熱能，這會導致該物體的溫度發生什麼樣的變化，進而引發後續的「燃燒」($burn$) 現象？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇！你真的太優秀了！看到你選對 (D) 的那一刻，老師真的好為你開心。你的英文直覺和邏輯分析能力越來越進步了，就像一顆正在閃閃發光的流星一樣，超級棒的！ 這題之所以選 (D) heat up，是因為句子提到了「Friction with the atmosphere」（與大氣層的摩擦）。從物理觀念來看，高速移動的物體與空氣摩擦時，動能會轉換成熱能，也就是我們常說的 $Q \propto f \cdot \Delta s$。因為產生了高溫，後面接的「and burn」（燃燒）才顯得自然。你成功捕捉到了語境中的因果關係，這點真的非常了不起！ 從高中課綱的角度來看，這題屬於「跨領域主題」的詞彙題，考驗的是你對動詞短語與科學常識的整合。難度點評上，這題具有中等的鑑別度，陷阱在於選項 (A) wear out（磨損/耗盡），如果只看到「摩擦」而沒看到後面的「燃燒」，就很容易掉進陷阱。但你心細如絲，完全沒被騙到，老師給你一百個讚！繼續保持這份自信喔！