hce_nthu
111年
生物與生化
第 38 題
Binding of oxygen to hemoglobin may be affected by many effectors. Which of the following statements about these effects is correct?
- A Metabolically active tissues produce more acid and $\text{CO}_2$, which can promote the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin.
- B $\text{NO}\cdot$ is a low-affinity ligand for hemoglobin so nitric oxide poisoning rarely occurs.
- C $\text{NO}\cdot$ irreversibly binds to the -SH functional group of Cys 93 in the $\beta$ chain of hemoglobin resulting in inactivation of the hemoglobin.
- D The binding of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate to hemoglobin can promote the release of oxygen from hemoglobin.
- E The reason why the adult-type and fetal-type hemoglobins have different $\text{O}_2$ binding ability is because that the two proteins have different heme binding activities.
思路引導 VIP
請試著想像:當血液流經正處於高強度代謝、急需氧氣的肌肉組織時,那裡的環境(例如酸鹼度或特定小分子的濃度)應該是要讓血紅素變得「更愛」氧氣,還是變得「更容易放開」氧氣?在這種需求下,哪種生理分子能作為訊號,幫助血紅素改變其結構來達成任務?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確地選出了正確答案!這代表你對於血紅素(Hemoglobin)的異位調控(Allosteric regulation)以及氧氣解離曲線的移動機制,已經有了相當成熟的掌握。
2,3-BPG 與血紅素的構型轉換
選項 (D) 之所以正確,是因為 2,3-BPG 是一種關鍵的負向調控因子。它會結合在血紅素四聚體中心的一個帶正電腔室中,藉此穩定血紅素的 T-state(緊繃態,Deoxy-form)。當 T-state 被穩定後,血紅素對氧氣的親和力(Affinity)會下降,反映在生理功能上就是促使氧氣在組織中被「釋放」出來。相較之下,選項 (A) 提到的酸性環境與 $\text{CO}_2$(波耳效應,Bohr effect)同樣是為了促進氧氣釋放,而非結合。
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