法律類國考
113年
[司法官第一試] 綜合法學(二)(公司法、保險法、票據法、證券交易法、強制執行
第 66 題
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT with regard to property offenses?
- A A theft is when the perpetrator destroys the possessory interest of the property owner and intends to claim its entitlement.
- B If a person’s new house encroaches on his neighbor’s land, it is embezzlement.
- C A fraud is a crime of getting money or other illegal interests by deceiving or tricking other persons.
- D A person who uses violence, threats, drugs, hypnosis, or other means to cause the victim to be unable to resist and to take away property of another or cause him to hand it over for the purpose of exercising unlawful control over other’s property for himself or for a third person commits robbery.
思路引導 VIP
請同學思考『侵占罪』(Embezzlement) 在法律構成要件上的特殊性:該罪名的前提是否必須建立在行為人『事先已合法持有』他人的財物?若行為人是透過物理手段(如建築越界)將鄰居原本管領的土地納入自己的實力支配範圍,這與『將自己管領中之他人財物易持有為所有』的定義是否相符?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
本題要求選出關於財產犯罪中「錯誤」的敘述,正確答案為選項B。選項B指出,若一個人的新房子越界建在鄰居的土地上屬於侵占(embezzlement),此敘述並不正確。依據中華民國刑法第320條規定:「意圖為自己或第三人不法之所有,而竊取他人之動產者,為竊盜罪,處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役或五十萬元以下罰金。意圖為自己或第三人不法之利益,而竊佔他人之不動產者,依前項之規定處斷。前二項之未遂犯罰之。」土地在法律上屬於不動產,房屋越界建築而佔用鄰地的行為,符合法條中意圖為自己不法之利益而「竊佔他人之不動產」的要件,應論以竊佔罪,而非侵占罪。因此,選項B的法律概念適用錯誤,為本題所求的正確選項。