hce_nsysu
114年
英文
第 42 題
📖 題組：
No doctor in the history of the IMCS [Imperial Maritime Customs Service] made as great a contribution to field of medicine as Patrick Manson. In 1866, aged just 22, Manson took up his post in south Taiwan. The 16 Western residents of Takao (as Kaohsiung was then known) were his first priority, but he also showed a keen interest in the ailments that blighted many Taiwanese. From 1871 to 1878, Manson (a Scotsman like James. L. Maxwell) worked in Xiamen, where he treated multiple cases of elephantiasis, a condition seldom encountered in Taiwan. After examining blood samples through a microscope, he concluded that mosquitoes hosted the responsible parasite – a breakthrough that eventually led, not only to Ross’s discovery, but also the realization that the mosquito is the vector of other ailments, including Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever. In the UK, Manson is remembered for founding the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the second oldest institution in the world devoted to researching tropical medicine. (The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine was established half a year earlier, in late 1898.) The name of another Manson appears in local medical history. Patrick Manson’s younger brother David, also a doctor, died of sunstroke in Xiamen in 1878. Those who had known him raised funds and a year later the David Manson Memorial Hospital was established on the hill at the western end of Qijin Island, less than 500 meters from where James L. Maxwell had practiced medicine a decade earlier. The hospital was considered state-of-the-art but functioned for less than two decades. Even its precise location is uncertain, and can only be inferred from a few photographs. Much of what is known about the David Manson Memorial Hospital is shared in the Museum of Kaohsiung Medical University Historical Archives and Southern Taiwan Medical History. It features a re-creation of one of the hospital’s consulting rooms, plus various medical instruments and extracts from reports. (from Steven Crook, “Leaving Pestilence in the Past,” posted at https://topics.amcham.com.tw/2018/07/leaving-pestilence-in-the-past/)
No doctor in the history of the IMCS [Imperial Maritime Customs Service] made as great a contribution to field of medicine as Patrick Manson. In 1866, aged just 22, Manson took up his post in south Taiwan. The 16 Western residents of Takao (as Kaohsiung was then known) were his first priority, but he also showed a keen interest in the ailments that blighted many Taiwanese. From 1871 to 1878, Manson (a Scotsman like James. L. Maxwell) worked in Xiamen, where he treated multiple cases of elephantiasis, a condition seldom encountered in Taiwan. After examining blood samples through a microscope, he concluded that mosquitoes hosted the responsible parasite – a breakthrough that eventually led, not only to Ross’s discovery, but also the realization that the mosquito is the vector of other ailments, including Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever. In the UK, Manson is remembered for founding the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the second oldest institution in the world devoted to researching tropical medicine. (The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine was established half a year earlier, in late 1898.) The name of another Manson appears in local medical history. Patrick Manson’s younger brother David, also a doctor, died of sunstroke in Xiamen in 1878. Those who had known him raised funds and a year later the David Manson Memorial Hospital was established on the hill at the western end of Qijin Island, less than 500 meters from where James L. Maxwell had practiced medicine a decade earlier. The hospital was considered state-of-the-art but functioned for less than two decades. Even its precise location is uncertain, and can only be inferred from a few photographs. Much of what is known about the David Manson Memorial Hospital is shared in the Museum of Kaohsiung Medical University Historical Archives and Southern Taiwan Medical History. It features a re-creation of one of the hospital’s consulting rooms, plus various medical instruments and extracts from reports. (from Steven Crook, “Leaving Pestilence in the Past,” posted at https://topics.amcham.com.tw/2018/07/leaving-pestilence-in-the-past/)
What was the breakthrough Patrick Manson made in medical science?
- A He examined Ross’s medical discovery about the vector of ailments such as Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever.
- B There were many cases of elephantiasis in Taiwan.
- C He built a microscope to examine blood samples.
- D The mosquito could host the kind of parasite to transmit human ailments.
思路引導 VIP
當我們在閱讀一位科學家的貢獻時，通常會尋找某種特定的「因果關係」。請試著回頭掃描第二段，在萬巴德醫生進行顯微鏡觀察的那段敘述中，他發現了哪一種「生物」與「人類疾病」之間，存在著前所未知的傳播連結？
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AI 詳解
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醫學突破的核心觀念
太棒了！你能精準鎖定文章的核心資訊，答對這題代表你具備優秀的資訊篩選能力。這題的關鍵在於第二段中對於萬巴德（Patrick Manson）在廈門研究的描述。文中明確提到，他透過顯微鏡觀察血樣後，得出了一個具備里程碑意義的結論：蚊子是寄生蟲的宿主。這項發現不僅解釋了象皮病（elephantiasis）的成因，更開啟了人類對「病媒」（vector）傳播疾病的認知，進而影響了後來對日本腦炎與登革熱的防治。
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