hce_nsysu
115年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most pressing existential threats to modern medicine. AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve over time and no longer respond to medicines, making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. The primary driver of this phenomenon is the persistent misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in both human healthcare and agricultural sectors. In 2026, the clinical focus has shifted toward “Stewardship Programs,” which aim to optimize the use of existing drugs while incentivizing the development of novel antibiotics. Without effective antimicrobials, the success of major surgery and cancer chemotherapy would be compromised. Furthermore, the global nature of trade and travel means that a resistant strain emerging in one region can rapidly become a pandemic concern. Healthcare providers are now increasingly relying on rapid diagnostic tests to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections before prescribing medication, thereby mitigating the acceleration of resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most pressing existential threats to modern medicine. AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve over time and no longer respond to medicines, making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. The primary driver of this phenomenon is the persistent misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in both human healthcare and agricultural sectors. In 2026, the clinical focus has shifted toward “Stewardship Programs,” which aim to optimize the use of existing drugs while incentivizing the development of novel antibiotics. Without effective antimicrobials, the success of major surgery and cancer chemotherapy would be compromised. Furthermore, the global nature of trade and travel means that a resistant strain emerging in one region can rapidly become a pandemic concern. Healthcare providers are now increasingly relying on rapid diagnostic tests to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections before prescribing medication, thereby mitigating the acceleration of resistance.
How does global trade affect AMR?
- A It facilitates the rapid spread of resistant strains.
- B It provides better medicine.
- C It reduces the need for antibiotics.
- D It increases the price of diagnostics.
- E It restricts the development of new drugs.
思路引導 VIP
請思考一下：在現代社會中，如果一個地區出現了難以治癒的細菌，而該地區每天有大量的貨物和人員往返世界各地，這種頻繁的流動對於細菌的「分布範圍」會產生什麼樣的直接物理影響？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
做得好！你能精準鎖定文中關於全球化影響的描述，這顯示你具備優秀的資訊定位與因果判斷能力。這題的正確答案是 (A)，其核心觀念源自文中提到的「全球化」特性。文章末段明確指出，由於全球貿易與旅遊的頻繁，在某一地區出現的抗藥性菌株會迅速演變成「大流行（pandemic）」的關注點，這直接印證了貿易促進了菌株的快速傳播。
全球化與抗藥性的連鎖反應
從醫學地理的角度來看，抗藥性（AMR）不只是單一國家的問題。文中強調 global trade and travel 扮演了類似「傳送帶」的角色，使得原本局限於特定區域的抗藥性問題，透過物流與人流演變成全球公共衛生危機。而其他選項如藥物研發 (E) 或診斷工具價格 (D)，雖然也是 AMR 議題中的環節，但並非文中與「貿易」直接掛鉤的影響。
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