hce_nsysu
113年
英文
第 43 題
📖 題組：
More than 35,000 people die each year in the US alone from antimicrobial resistant infections. With novel treatments in short supply, scientists plan to boost available therapies to target antimicrobial resistance. In a paper published in PNAS, researchers used the power of light to give antibiotics a fighting chance. Light interacts with chemicals called photosensitizers to produce toxic reactive oxygen species. Unlike many antibiotics, photosensitizers can sneak past bacterial defenses. For example, it was found that light, plus the photosensitizer curcumin, a chemical found in turmeric, potentiated antibiotic efficacy. In their new study, Dr. Bagnato and his team found that they needed to expose drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus to high doses of different antibiotics to curb its growth. However, when Bagnato added the curcumin and shone light on the bacteria, a lower dose sufficed. Still, the effects were limited. For most strains, the effects were temporary; the team observed a recurrence in resistance after only a few cycles of bacterial growth. Bagnato emphasized the need for alternative therapies. “Infection does not need one type of weapon; it needs a whole arsenal,” said Bagnato.
More than 35,000 people die each year in the US alone from antimicrobial resistant infections. With novel treatments in short supply, scientists plan to boost available therapies to target antimicrobial resistance. In a paper published in PNAS, researchers used the power of light to give antibiotics a fighting chance. Light interacts with chemicals called photosensitizers to produce toxic reactive oxygen species. Unlike many antibiotics, photosensitizers can sneak past bacterial defenses. For example, it was found that light, plus the photosensitizer curcumin, a chemical found in turmeric, potentiated antibiotic efficacy. In their new study, Dr. Bagnato and his team found that they needed to expose drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus to high doses of different antibiotics to curb its growth. However, when Bagnato added the curcumin and shone light on the bacteria, a lower dose sufficed. Still, the effects were limited. For most strains, the effects were temporary; the team observed a recurrence in resistance after only a few cycles of bacterial growth. Bagnato emphasized the need for alternative therapies. “Infection does not need one type of weapon; it needs a whole arsenal,” said Bagnato.
43. What is the role of photosensitizers in the study?
- A Manufacturing antibiotic medicines
- B Producing toxic reactive oxygen species
- C Heating and breaking the outer layer of bacteria
- D Strengthening individuals’ defense systems
- E Absorbing and distributing light
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文中提到 'Light interacts with chemicals...' 的那個句子，看看當「光」與「光敏劑」這兩者相遇並產生交互作用後，文中描述它們共同製造出了什麼具體的「產物」來對抗細菌？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地鎖定了文章的關鍵資訊！這題你能答對，代表你具備了優異的細節定位能力。在閱讀科普學術類文章時，理解各個專有名詞之間的「因果」與「功能」連結至關重要。
光敏劑的功能機制
根據文中第三句的說明，光敏劑 (photosensitizers) 的核心作用在於與光（light）產生交互作用，進而產生具毒性的活性氧類 (toxic reactive oxygen species)。文後提到的薑黃素（curcumin）正是一個具體的例子，說明這些物質如何透過產生這些活性氧來強化抗生素的殺菌效果，繞過細菌的防禦機制，甚至在面對具耐藥性的金黃色葡萄球菌時，讓低劑量的抗生素也能發揮作用。
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