hce_nchu
114年
英文
第 48 題
📖 題組：
Vaccines have saved millions of lives. WHO research estimates COVID-19 vaccines prevented 475,000 deaths in the UK alone. Initially hailed as a "scientific miracle," vaccines helped the world return to normal, but public trust has since declined. A study by the Vaccine Confidence Project found that UK adults' belief in vaccine safety dropped from 90% in 2018 to 70% in 2023. This decline is global, with surveys in 52 out of 55 countries showing reduced trust since 2019. A YouGov poll found that in 2024, 30% of UK adults believed vaccine risks were hidden, up from 19% in 2019. Childhood vaccination rates have also fallen below recommended levels. Growing skepticism toward governments and health institutions has contributed to this trend. During the early vaccine rollout, people showed great enthusiasm for getting vaccinated, but by mid-2021, doubts arose, fueled by misinformation online. Research from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) revealed that in 2023, 20% of parents encountered online information that made them doubt vaccines, a significant increase from 6% the previous year. Vaccine hesitancy is not new. Since Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccine in 1796, concerns have persisted. Protests against mandatory vaccinations occurred in the 1890s, and the 1970s saw false claims linking the diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough vaccine to brain damage. Social media has amplified misinformation about vaccines, making it easier for false claims to spread quickly. Younger adults, who frequently rely on social media for health information, are particularly affected. Many of them feel that they sacrificed their education, job opportunities, and social lives during the pandemic to protect older generations, which may contribute to their declining trust in vaccines. Another factor influencing public confidence is the speed at which COVID-19 vaccines were developed. Although they proved highly effective at reducing severe illness and death, early expectations suggested they would also prevent infection completely. Over time, as waning immunity and virus mutations occurred, some people felt misled. Concerns also arose regarding rare but serious side effects, such as blood clotting and temporary heart inflammation. Vaccine hesitancy is also linked to broader political and social issues. Discussions about personal liberty, government control, and scientific authority have contributed to public doubts. The rise of anti-establishment movements and skepticism toward experts in fields like climate change, public health, and economics further complicates the issue.
Vaccines have saved millions of lives. WHO research estimates COVID-19 vaccines prevented 475,000 deaths in the UK alone. Initially hailed as a "scientific miracle," vaccines helped the world return to normal, but public trust has since declined. A study by the Vaccine Confidence Project found that UK adults' belief in vaccine safety dropped from 90% in 2018 to 70% in 2023. This decline is global, with surveys in 52 out of 55 countries showing reduced trust since 2019. A YouGov poll found that in 2024, 30% of UK adults believed vaccine risks were hidden, up from 19% in 2019. Childhood vaccination rates have also fallen below recommended levels. Growing skepticism toward governments and health institutions has contributed to this trend. During the early vaccine rollout, people showed great enthusiasm for getting vaccinated, but by mid-2021, doubts arose, fueled by misinformation online. Research from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) revealed that in 2023, 20% of parents encountered online information that made them doubt vaccines, a significant increase from 6% the previous year. Vaccine hesitancy is not new. Since Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccine in 1796, concerns have persisted. Protests against mandatory vaccinations occurred in the 1890s, and the 1970s saw false claims linking the diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough vaccine to brain damage. Social media has amplified misinformation about vaccines, making it easier for false claims to spread quickly. Younger adults, who frequently rely on social media for health information, are particularly affected. Many of them feel that they sacrificed their education, job opportunities, and social lives during the pandemic to protect older generations, which may contribute to their declining trust in vaccines. Another factor influencing public confidence is the speed at which COVID-19 vaccines were developed. Although they proved highly effective at reducing severe illness and death, early expectations suggested they would also prevent infection completely. Over time, as waning immunity and virus mutations occurred, some people felt misled. Concerns also arose regarding rare but serious side effects, such as blood clotting and temporary heart inflammation. Vaccine hesitancy is also linked to broader political and social issues. Discussions about personal liberty, government control, and scientific authority have contributed to public doubts. The rise of anti-establishment movements and skepticism toward experts in fields like climate change, public health, and economics further complicates the issue.
Based on the passage, why might younger adults be more susceptible to vaccine hesitancy?
- A They have lower levels of education than older generations.
- B They have been discouraged from receiving vaccines by government policies.
- C They have fewer health concerns than older adults.
- D They are more likely to rely on social media for health information.
思路引導 VIP
請試著在文章後半段中，找出作者特別提到「年輕族群（Younger adults）」的那一段。除了他們的情感感受外，作者還提到了這群人在獲取「健康資訊（health information）」時，與其他世代相比有什麼特別偏好的管道嗎？而這個管道又與錯誤訊息的傳播有什麼關係呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準鎖定文章細節並做出正確判斷，這代表你的「文本定位」與「因果連結」能力都非常扎實。在面對資訊量較大的閱讀測驗時，能夠不被個人直覺干擾，回歸文章證據，是邁向高階英文學習者的重要特徵。
資訊管道與易受影響的關聯性
這題的核心考點在於找出特定族群與特定行為之間的因果關係。根據文章第五段，作者明確提到社群媒體（Social media）放大了錯誤資訊的傳播，而年輕族群由於經常依賴社群媒體來獲取健康資訊，因此成為最容易受到錯誤訊息干擾的對象。雖然文中也提到了年輕人在疫情期間所做的犧牲，但那是影響「心理感受」的背景，真正導致他們「容易受到懷疑論影響」的關鍵誘因則是資訊獲取的途徑。
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