高考申論題
110年
[航海技術] 海事英文
第 一 題
📖 題組：
英譯中：（每小題 10 分，共 40 分） (一) Coal is among the biggest commodities transported by the dry bulk shipping sector and European countries have already scaled back usage as they look for greener alternatives. (二) In 2020, global coal shipments amounted to an estimated 1.25 billion tons, with major producers Indonesia and Australia accounting for 59% of these seaborne exports. Global coal shipments were estimated at 1.38 billion tons in 2019. (三) Maersk is calling on the International Maritime Organization — shipping’s global regulator — to have a carbon dioxide tax for the industry ready by 2025, likely starting at about $50 a ton, then ramping up to at least $150 a ton in subsequent years. While the company is not able to officially submit plans to the watchdog, its size and importance will color the upcoming international discussions. (四) Japanese coast guard ships and aircraft were searching on Friday for three missing crew of a cargo ship that capsized and sank after a collision with a Marshall Islands-registered tanker in the Seto Inland Sea, authorities said.
英譯中：（每小題 10 分，共 40 分） (一) Coal is among the biggest commodities transported by the dry bulk shipping sector and European countries have already scaled back usage as they look for greener alternatives. (二) In 2020, global coal shipments amounted to an estimated 1.25 billion tons, with major producers Indonesia and Australia accounting for 59% of these seaborne exports. Global coal shipments were estimated at 1.38 billion tons in 2019. (三) Maersk is calling on the International Maritime Organization — shipping’s global regulator — to have a carbon dioxide tax for the industry ready by 2025, likely starting at about $50 a ton, then ramping up to at least $150 a ton in subsequent years. While the company is not able to officially submit plans to the watchdog, its size and importance will color the upcoming international discussions. (四) Japanese coast guard ships and aircraft were searching on Friday for three missing crew of a cargo ship that capsized and sank after a collision with a Marshall Islands-registered tanker in the Seto Inland Sea, authorities said.
📝 此題為申論題，共 4 小題
小題 (一)
Coal is among the biggest commodities transported by the dry bulk shipping sector and European countries have already scaled back usage as they look for greener alternatives.
思路引導 VIP
考生看到此題應先拆解兩個獨立子句：前半部涉及海運專有名詞（dry bulk shipping sector），後半部涉及環保與商務趨勢（scaled back, greener alternatives）。翻譯時須將「commodities」譯為專業的「大宗商品/物資」，並確保整句語氣符合航運產業分析的專業風格。
小題 (二)
In 2020, global coal shipments amounted to an estimated 1.25 billion tons, with major producers Indonesia and Australia accounting for 59% of these seaborne exports. Global coal shipments were estimated at 1.38 billion tons in 2019.
思路引導 VIP
考生看到此題應先注意中英文的「數字單位轉換」，billion為十億，1.25 billion應轉換為12.5億。其次，需掌握海事商務術語的精確譯法，如「shipments」應譯為「裝運量」或「海運量」，「seaborne exports」應譯為「海運出口量」。最後，注意句型「with + 名詞 + V-ing」的獨立分詞結構，在中文語境中通常譯為「其中...」以引出補充說明的子句。
小題 (三)
Maersk is calling on the International Maritime Organization — shipping’s global regulator — to have a carbon dioxide tax for the industry ready by 2025, likely starting at about $50 a ton, then ramping up to at least $150 a ton in subsequent years. While the company is not able to officially submit plans to the watchdog, its size and importance will color the upcoming international discussions.
思路引導 VIP
看到本題，考生應先抓出專有名詞如「Maersk」（馬士基）與「International Maritime Organization」（國際海事組織）。翻譯時須精確掌握航運與環保術語（如「carbon dioxide tax」、「watchdog」），並將動詞「color」靈活譯為「影響」或「定調」以符合中文語境。
小題 (四)
Japanese coast guard ships and aircraft were searching on Friday for three missing crew of a cargo ship that capsized and sank after a collision with a Marshall Islands-registered tanker in the Seto Inland Sea, authorities said.
思路引導 VIP
翻譯此長句時，應先抓出主要子句「當局表示，日本海上保安廳正在搜尋失蹤船員」，接著再處理 'that' 引導的形容詞子句（說明貨船發生碰撞、傾覆沉沒的地點與經過）。海事術語方面，必須精確將 'capsized' 譯為「傾覆」、'collision' 譯為「碰撞」（符合 COLREGs 規範），並將日本的 'coast guard' 正確對應為「海上保安廳」。