移民特考申論題
110年
[移民行政] 憲法與英文
第 一 題
📖 題組：
三、試述下列名詞之意涵：請就以下五段短文中畫線的五個英文詞語以中文做適當的定義與解釋（每小題 3 分，共 15 分）
三、試述下列名詞之意涵：請就以下五段短文中畫線的五個英文詞語以中文做適當的定義與解釋（每小題 3 分，共 15 分）
📝 此題為申論題，共 5 小題
小題 (一)
Many governments have implemented the use of biometrics to enhance their safety measures when issuing passports, visas or residence permits to people who migrate to their countries. Biometric measures rely on a computerized system that scans and collects a person’s special traits such as his/her fingerprints, face, iris, retina or ear features. This storing of the data can also be utilized to look for or verify a person’s identity to reduce the mistakes that might happen when providing the immigration services to travelers.
思路引導 VIP
針對英文段落中的專業詞彙題，考生應先略讀全文掌握核心主題（生物辨識技術與移民實務），再根據上下文，精確寫出該詞彙在移民行政法規或實務中的中文對應譯名與專業內涵，切忌僅作空泛的字面直譯。
小題 (二)
Climate migration is a unique kind of environmental migration; it describes a type of migration that is caused by climate change. In this context, people who are environmental refugees are usually forced to move away from their places of origin because they cannot live any longer in their residency where their living environment has much been damaged by the drastic change of climate. They usually have to adapt to a different living surrounding when they move to stay in a different place.
思路引導 VIP
考生應先通讀上下文掌握文意，接著從語境中精確對譯專業詞彙。由於題目未標示畫線處，應主動提取文中與移民、人權及氣候最相關的五個核心專有名詞。作答時除了翻譯字面意義，應結合移民實務背景（如難民法理、國際人權）以中文簡要闡述該名詞之定義與特徵。
小題 (三)
It is common for most people to express xenophobia when they encounter strangers, foreigners or immigrants who also stay in their communities or countries. People often tend to discriminate against someone who is different from them. But this dislike or fear of strangers and foreigners from other countries can be strong and unreasonable sometimes. Therefore, it is important that the government should introduce the practice of social inclusion to reduce discrimination against immigrants.
思路引導 VIP
本題測驗考生對移民實務與人權領域核心英文詞彙的掌握。解題時應先給出精確的中文專有名詞翻譯，再結合憲法平等原則或移民社會學概念（如釋字第708號對外籍人士權利之保障），簡述其社會或法理意涵。
小題 (四)
Some governments carry out the visa waiver program (VWP) by allowing some countries to travel to their nations for a certain phase of time without the need to apply for a visa. But travelers who wish to use this kind of scheme still need to seek for authorization of the countries they plan to travel to. Countries such as the United States impose certain limits on visitors who are eligible for using this service.
思路引導 VIP
本題測驗考生對移民與邊境管理專業英文詞彙的理解。解題時應先從上下文語境中鎖定核心專有名詞（如 visa waiver program），並結合句中提到的「免申請簽證」與「事前授權」等條件，給出精確的中文譯名與實務定義。
小題 (五)
Some countries issue a visa to a family member of an international student in their country as the subsequent entrant. A family member of this kind usually applies for this visa to join or reunite with their family members who study in a foreign country. This kind of visa enables the subsequent entrant to provide emotional, psychological, or mental support to the international student. They are also allowed to stay during the duration of the stay of the international student.
思路引導 VIP
本題測驗專業移民實務英語。作答時應先由上下文（join or reunite、duration of the stay）判斷段落核心，鎖定最具指標性的專業術語「subsequent entrant」，並結合移民法規（依親、簽證效期附隨）概念給出精確的中譯與實務定義。